1. Industrial Revolution CH 5.2
Britain Leads the Way

2. Why Britain? Natural Resources New technology
Large supplies of coal & iron
Human resources, population boom led to an available work force.
Navigable ports, rivers & canals
New technology
Britain center of Scientific Revolution
Economic conditions - capital & demand
Trade increased from overseas empires
Business class had capital ($$) to invest in factories, mines, & railroads

3. Why Britain cont. Political and Social conditions, stable government
Government supported economic growth
Strong navy protected empire & overseas trade
Age of Iron & Coal
Iron was needed for machines & steam engines
Producing high quality iron took large quantities of fuel.

5. Revolutionary Changes in the Textile Industry
The Early Industry & Major Inventions
1600’s imported cotton increases in popularity
Process of spinning cotton into thread was slow
“putting-out system” cottage industry
John Kay invents the “flying shuttle” to decrease spinning time
James Hargreaves
Invented the “Spinning Jenny” in 1764 which spun many threads at one time

6. Revolutionary Changes in the Textile Industry cont.
Richard Arkwright
Patented the water frame-spinning machines powered by water.
Eli Whitney
Invented the cotton gin-separated cotton from the seed at a high rate

7. Factories Born in Britain
First Factories
New large machines begin to be housed in long sheds.
1st factories (textiles)
spinners and weavers
brought together large amount of workers & machines
produced large quantities of goods.

9. Transportation Revolution
Factories developed a need for faster cheaper means of moving goods (transportation).
Canals-
provided $$ from tolls
faster transportation
lower prices for goods (coal)
Steam locomotive (Most important)
By 1870 rail lines crossed Britain, Europe & N. America
Steam power applied to improve shipping
Steam boats were used to transport goods upriver to various ports
As the supply of goods increased, prices fell, and more goods were affordable