1. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier 4th Symposium on Lidar Atmospheric Applications 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, KIT Karlsruhe, Germany

2. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Contents Horizontal wind –complementary profiles and –identification of measurement errors Vertical wind –in different atmospheric situations –a new approach estimating rain-drop size-distributions –complementary profiles of vertical velocity variance

3. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Instrumental and experimental setup 2 µm Doppler lidar 35.5 GHz cloud radar Collocated on Hornisgrinde mountain (Black Forest) and performing a coordinated scan strategy from June to August 2007, COPS campaign

4. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Horizontal wind lidar radar Hypothesis: aerosol drifts with horizontal wind independent of its size simultaneous measurements deliver same results

5. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Horizontal wind Hypothesis: aerosol drifts with horizontal wind independent of its size simultaneous measurements deliver same results Increase of available information from 32% using only lidar to 51% using the combination.

6. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Horizontal wind Hypothesis: aerosol drifts with horizontal wind independent of its size simultaneous measurements deliver same results velocities differ by

7. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Horizontal wind Hypothesis: aerosol drifts with horizontal wind independent of its size simultaneous measurements deliver same results Ground clutter problem velocities differ by

8. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Horizontal wind Hypothesis: aerosol drifts with horizontal wind independent of its size simultaneous measurements deliver same results Ground clutter problem involving ground clutter ground clutter corrected velocities differ by

9. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind Hypothesis: size dependent fall velocity of the larger aerosols and droplets simultaneously measurements deliver different results due to different wavelengths of the instruments and so different scatter mechanism

10. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind Clear air day 82.1% agree better than 0.5 ms -1 Hypothesis: size dependent fall velocity of the larger aerosols and droplets simultaneously measurements deliver different results due to different wavelengths of the instruments and so different scatter mechanism

11. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind During rain Mean difference of 3 ms -1 Hypothesis: size dependent fall velocity of the larger aerosols and droplets simultaneously measurements deliver different results due to different wavelengths of the instruments and so different scatter mechanism

12. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind during rain Lidar double peaks

13. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind during rain Lidar double peaks

14. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind during rain Lidar double peaks

15. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Vertical wind during rain Radar Rayleigh scattering reflectivity proportional D 6 Lidar optical scattering backscatter proportional D 2 Size dependent terminal fall velocity and γ distribution of rain-drop-size Idea: Estimating rain drop size distribution from velocity difference lidar radar

16. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Power spectra and vertical wind variance Is vertical velocity variance influenced by the differences of measured vertical velocity? Clear air conditions Light rain conditions Clouds ? lidar radar

17. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Conclusions Increase of valid horizontal wind information Little redundant measurements Potential to detect measurement errors Differences in vertical wind velocity due to terminal size dependent fall velocities of scatterers New approach to estimate rain drop size distribution from different measured velocities Clear air power spectra behave quite similar, potential to extend profiles of vertical velocity variance into clouds Measurement combination of a cloud radar and a Doppler lidar allows new measurement approaches.

18. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Thanks Thanks for attention. For details please see manuscript.

19. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Additionally information

20. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Instrument specifications 0.1 … 25° s -1 Up to 10° s -1 Scan velocity -5 … 185°45 … 135°Elevation angle 0 … 360°-3 … 363°Azimuth angle 72 m30 mSpatial resolution 350 m150 mLowest range gate 100512Range gates 4.5 kW30 kWPeak power 100 MHz50 MHzSampling rate ± 20 ms -1 ± 10.6 ms -1 Unambiguous velocity 500 Hz5 kHzPulse repetition frequency 425 ns200 nsPulse width 2023 nm8.44 mmwavelength Wind lidarCloud radar

21. KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH) 5.3 Advantages of a coordinated scanning Doppler lidar and cloud radar system for wind measurements K. Träumner, J. Handwerker, A. Wieser, J. Grenzhäuser and C. Kottmeier Effect ground clutter correction