1. RD50 Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -1- Three R&D strategies:  Material engineering - Defect engineering of silicon (oxygenation, dimers, …) - New detector materials (SiC, …)  Device engineering - Improvement of present planar detector structures (3D detectors, thin detectors, cost effective detectors,…)  Variation of detector operational conditions - Low temperature operation - Forward bias operation Further key tasks:  Basic studies  Defect modeling and device simulation RD50 Center of gravity CERN RD50 Collaboration CERN RD50 project: Main objective: Develop radiation hard semiconductor detectors that can operate beyond the limits of present devices for the luminosity upgrade of the LHC (Super- LHC) which will bring 10 times higher radiation levels.

2. RD50 Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -2- CERN RD50 Collaboration Involvement of PH-TA1-SD in 2003: Alison (Doctoral Student since September), Christian, Maurice, Michael, Veronique Direct involvement in the following research projects: Oxygen dimer enriched silicon (Veronique, Michael) Czochralski and epitaxial silicon as detector material (Alison, Michael) Detector design development (Michael + outside collaborators) Irradiations for RD50, inclucing dedicated high flux run to reach 10 16 p/cm 2 (Maurice, Michael) Management of Collaboration: - Michael (CERN contact person and since July Deputy Spokesperson) - Christian (Budget holder and advice in many aspects) Administration of members (270 Members from 51 Institutes), link to users office, web-pages, computer accounts, etc. Organization of Workshops in May and November (~80 participants, ~ 35 talks) Since October help from Secretary Dawn Hudson … will continue for workshops in 2004. Changes in 2004: Alison (6 months), Christian, Maurice, Michael, Veronique (until end of April) Conclude the dimer program, step out of the detector design development Test of p-type silicon (also Czochralski) as detector material

3. RD50 Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -3- Czochralski silicon (CZ) Very high Oxygen content 10 17 -10 18 cm -3 (Grown in quartz (SiO 2 )crucible) High resistivity (>1K  cm) available only recently (Magnetic CZ technology) CZ wafers cheaper than FZ (RF-IC industry got interested) Irradiation of test-structures: Only small change in V dep 110 15 (190 MeV  /cm 2 110 15 (24 GeV/c p)/cm 2 510 14 (10 MeV p)/cm 2 No type inversion (Sumitomo CZ) (However, type inversion observed for Okmetic MCZ after 510 14 (10 MeV p)/cm 2 ) Leakage current and charge trapping as for FZ silicon Very high oxygen content: Beware of thermal donors ! 24 GeV/c p

4. RD50 Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -4-  How to produce silicon containing dimers ?  Co 60 -  or electron irradiation at 350ºC V+O  VO; VO+O  VO 2 ; I+VO 2  O 2  Does it work ?  Idea: Transform Oxygen into Oxygen dimers (O 2 ) Standard Si : V+O  VO; V+VO  V 2 O Dimered Si: V+O 2  VO 2 ; V+VO 2  V 2 O 2 Defect Engineering: Oxygen Dimers in Silicon Simulations: deep acceptor (but shallower than V 2 O)  neutral in SCR ? deep acceptor (neg. charged) 11/2003 – First results … not as promising as thought..

5. PH-TA1-SD Laboratory in Building 28 CV-IV Measurements Details:  Alessi probe station  Voltage source/current meter: Keithley237, Keithley2410  LCR meter: Agilent 4263B  Lab View program Planned improvements:  Automated temperature measurement  …improve flexibility of software Summer Student Alzbeta Helienek TCT - Measurements Details (set-up still under development):  Pelletier cooled sample holder; nitrogen gas flow  Lasers 1060, 660 nm (produced by Maurice)  Voltage source: Keithley2410  Scope: Agilent Infinium  Pulse: Agilient 81104A  Lab View program  …  source 2003 Visitor Akhil Jhingan 2004 Alison Gouldwell-Bates

6. PH-TA1-SD Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -6- … stop … no more than 5 slides !!

7. PH-TA1-SD Michael Moll – PH-TA1-SDMeeting February 25, 2004 -7- Laboratories in 28-2  air condition (2-019/2-026)  electricity system renovated (2-019/2-026)  water (2-019/2-026)  compressed air (2-019) Lab now used by Enrico Chesi Lab borrowed to RD39 (should be given back to us in very near future) Michael and Veronique Solid State Detector Laboratory Alison + visitors Meeting room + RD50 visitors Christian

8. PH-TA1-SD Laboratory in Building 28 Laminar Flow Bench Clean room class 10 in the lab? less than 6 particles of size > 0.3  m per cubic feet measured no particles of size > 0.5  m per cubic feet measured Deep Freezer Transportable deep freezer