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-1- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Demonstrating the Safety of Long-Term Waste Management Facilities Dave Garrick 2015 September.

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Presentation on theme: "-1- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Demonstrating the Safety of Long-Term Waste Management Facilities Dave Garrick 2015 September."— Presentation transcript:

1 -1- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Demonstrating the Safety of Long-Term Waste Management Facilities Dave Garrick 2015 September

2 -2- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ International and National Guidance “The fundamental safety objective is to protect people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation. Furthermore, radioactive waste must be managed in such a way as to avoid imposing an undue burden on future generations; that is the generations that produce the waste have to seek and apply safe, practicable and environmentally acceptable solutions for its long term management.” IAEA Safety Standard SSG-23 states:

3 -3- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ “The concepts for long term management are based on the containment and isolation of the waste, whether it is in a storage facility or a disposal facility. Containment can be achieved through a robust design based on multiple barriers providing defense-in-depth. Isolation is achieved through proper site selection and, when necessary, institutional controls to limit access and use.” International and National Guidance CNSC Regulatory Guide G-320 “Assessing the Long Term Safety of Radioactive Waste Management” states:

4 -4- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ For storage of radioactive material, a key aspect of making a safety case is demonstrating that the radiological impact of the stored material, on people and the environment, is kept as low as possible and shall remain below a nationally defined limit. International and National Guidance

5 -5- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ CNSC G-320 states that the long-term safety assessment should provide reasonable assurance that the regulatory dose limit for public exposure (1mSv/a) should not be exceeded. However, doses must be kept ALARA and an acceptance criterion that is less that the regulatory limit should be used. For design optimization a design target of no more than 0.3 mSv/a is recommended. Radiological Criteria

6 -6- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Appendix A of the CRL Site Licence “Release Limits for Radioactive Nuclear Substances to the Environment from Chalk River Laboratories” states that: “The dose to the critical group due to the sum of all releases in any period of 12 consecutive months shall not exceed 0.3 mSv” Radiological Criteria

7 -7- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ For non-radiological hazardous substances, federal and provincial guidelines are used, these include: Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines Canadian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines Non-Radiological Criteria

8 -8- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Safety input is utilized at all stages of the facility lifecycle design, operation and closure:- Site Selection Concept Design Preliminary Design Final Design Construction & Commissioning Operation Closure Institutional Control Safety Case Evolution

9 -9- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Safety is a integral part of the engineering process. Optimising the facility design is an iterative process between design engineers and safety engineers, starting from a site location through conceptual design to final design. Hazards are identified, their risks assessed, and appropriate mitigative measures developed and incorporated into the design Safety Case Evolution

10 -10- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Geology and Geography EngineeringMaterial

11 -11- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ The design evolves and incorporates the identified safety features. This process is repeated a number of times as the design evolves, each successive design iteration being optimized and re-evaluated against safety criteria. Defense-in-depth principles are utilized. Ultimately this results in a robust design that meets the safety criteria. Safety Case Evolution

12 -12- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Safety Case Evolution

13 -13- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ In addition to the design, safety analysis input is utilised in the development of: Waste Acceptance Criteria Operational Limits and Conditions Maintenance and inspection schedules Monitoring requirements Institutional controls These items will be included in the Safety Case for long-term waste management facilities. Safety Case Evolution

14 -14- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Demonstrating that the facility can operate safely is documented in the facility safety case. The safety case is a comprehensive document that will include:- a description of the site a description of the facility how the facility will be operated a safety assessment operational and monitoring requirements conclusion The Safety Case

15 -15- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ The safety assessment section of the safety case will include:- determination of potential hazards determination of potential upset conditions An assessment of the facility robustness to such conditions Modelling of potential radionuclide transport through the environment Normal Operations Upset Conditions Confirmation that safety criteria have been met The Safety Case

16 -16- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Safety Case Evolution

17 -17- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ As facility put into operation, monitoring of various parameters will ensure safety case arguments remain valid. If instances of unexpected degradation occur, this will allow early identification of problem and allow early intervention to rectify the situation. Safe Operation

18 -18- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ International and national guidance, as well as national regulations includes: IAEA Specific Safety Requirements SSR-5 Disposal of Radioactive Waste IAEA Specific Safety Guide SSG-23 The Safety Case and Safety Assessment for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste IAEA Specific Safety Guide SSG-14 Geological Disposal for Radioactive Waste National and International Documentation

19 -19- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ CNSC Regulatory Guide G-320 Assessing the Long Term Safety of Radioactive Waste Management CSA Standard N292.3-08 Management of Low and Intermediate-level Radioactive Waste National and International Documentation

20 -20- UNRESTRICTED / ILLIMITÉ Thank You. Questions?


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