1. Standard Model Results From CMS Matt Herndon University of Wisconsin – Madison Fermilab joint experimental theoretical seminar

2. Measurements are from 7 TeV and 8 TeV pp collisions I concentrate on newer measurements and some prospects All results shown can be found at: Integrated Luminosity https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/CMSPublic/PhysicsResults 2Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

3. QCD Measurements LHC/CMS Advantages Multiple energies Excellent detectors and techniques for object reconstruction. CMS routinely uses particle flow CMS starting to use Jet Substructure techniques Large integrated luminosity and datasets Control of Jet energy scale uncertainties in absolute and ratio measurements Allows Differential cross sections to high jet multiplicities Multiple differential cross sections Measuring the evolution of  s Constraint of PDFs Probes in low cross section corners of the phase space. Searches for new physics using dijets, multijet masses Searches for new physics with boosted jets using jet substructure 3Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

4. Differential Jet Measurements Jet cross sections Global PDF sets show good agreement with the data PDF sets not including high energy collider data have difficulty with high pt jet data At 13-14 TeV these analyses will test our understanding of the data for early searches using jet data. CMS PAS SMP-12-012 4 Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 112002 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

5. 3 Jet Mass, 2/3 Jet Ratio 2-3 Jet ratios and 3 jet mass are used to extract  s (also  ttbar)) Not competitive with world average  s (m Z ) Complete NNLO calculation would improve extrapolation Evolution of  s to the highest region of Q Non global PDFs continue to have trouble with high pT jet data CMS PAS QCD-11-003 5 CMS PAS SMP-12-027 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013 CMS PAS TOP-12-022

6. Jet Substructure Allows efficient detection of boosted W, Z, top Grooming techniques improve data/simulation agreement Also improves response vs. pile up Essential in high mass resonance searches (already done at CMS) and in aTGC and aQGC searches where sensitivity is on the high pT tail of the vector boson pT distributions 6 JHEP 05 (2013) 090 Jet Subtructure techniques Identify massive objects decaying hadronically in boosted topologies. W, Z top Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

7. W & Z Precision Measurements Combination of several factors have made unprecedented precision measurements possible in a Hadron collider environment. The capabilities and performance of the LHC experiments The development sophisticated experimental techniques to treat collider data The existence of inclusive and differential calculations of cross sections at NLO and now NNLO precision The integration of matrix element MCs with parton shower generators in a consistent way at NLO (work to move to NNLO) These factors allow an exciting program of measurements with sensitivity to essential issues. pQCD tests at NLO and NNLO Tests of matrix element + parton shower techniques to high jet multiplicity PDF sensitivity Test of Electroweak predictions for asymmetries and polarizations Differential distributions for transverse momentum, rapidity, and jets Associated production of vector boson and heavy flavor jets Vector boson fusion and scattering 7Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

8. W & Z Cross Sections Measurement of total W and Z cross sections. pQCD test from ratio of 7 TeV to 8 TeV cross sections and W/Z, W + /W - PDF sensitivity Comparable experimental and theory uncertainty 2-3% systematic and 5% luminosity uncertainty Expect extrapolation to 13-14 TeV to be good CMS PAS SMP-12-011 8 JHEP 10 (2011) 132 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

9. W and Z Cross Sections Cancelation of systematic errors in ratio -both experimental and theoretical -Removes largest experimental uncertainty, luminosity CMS PAS SMP-12-011 JHEP 10 (2011) 132 9 W/Z ratio at 8 TeV: ~1.5 sigma difference all PDF sets 2% experimental systematic uncertainty. Present at 7 TeV and in W+ and W- separately With better precision discrepancies are found (look further for the source) Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

10. W + and W - Cross Sections Expect 2:1 ratio form valence quarks in valance-sea annihilation, diluted by sea-sea Agrees with theory predictions Tested at 2% level driven by experimental systematic uncertainty. Cancelation of systematic errors in ratio -both experimental and theoretical -Removes largest experimental uncertainty, luminosity CMS PAS SMP-12-011 10Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

11. Z p T at 7 and 8 TeV p T of Drell Yan (Z) production: 60 < ml l< 120 GeV Agreement with NNLO calculations Matrix Element + PS generators Madgraph slightly better at high qT – includes multiple hard emission Resbos improves low qT region V+jets important for VV scattering Phys. Rev. D 85, 032002 (2012) CMS PAS SMP-12-025 11Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

12. Z Forward Backward Asymmetry Z forward Backward asymmetry –Measured as a function of mass in four rapidity bins –Sensitivity to new physics such as new neutral vector bosons which would modify vector coupling of the leptons at high mass Also measure the weak mixing angle. Good agreement with theory: POWHEG+CT10 Many sources of experimental uncertainty are statistics driven. Raw statistics and Tracker alignment. Expected to be competitive with world average (with improved PDFs) Phys.Lett. B718 (2013) 752-772 12Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

13. W Charge Asymmetry Study of ratios of kinematic variables between W+ and W- production –Cancellation of systematic uncertainties in the ratio maximizing sensitivity to PDF –Valance-sea interaction and asymmetry increase at high y –Provides significant constraint on the global PDF fit Good agreement with several PDF sets (initially excluding MSTW in both electrons and muons) MSTW fit now introduces new degrees of freedom for valance x distribution improving the agreement Continue to improve PDFs in preparation for 13-14TEV Phys.Rev.Lett. 109 (2012) 111806 CMS PAS SMP-12-021 13Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

14. Z + jets Z + 1j rapidity Azimuthal correlations, Event shapes Test of NLO theory and Matrix Element + parton shower MCs Individual Z and jet rapidities look good Combined distributions show deviations. Combined rapidity, Event thrust Test vs. newer theory tools V(V)+jets important for VV scattering CMS PAS SMP-12-004 14 Phys. Lett. B722 (2013) 238 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

15. VBF Z Production σ(μμ+ee) = 154 ± 24 (stat.) ± 46 (syst.) ± 27 (th.) ± 3 (lum.)fb VBFNLO 166 fb Same topology as VBF Higgs and longitudinal vector boson scattering. Benchmark for EWSB studies EW VBF production of Z + jets Dominant background from standard DY production Uses multivariate (BDT) discriminant to extract signal Includes a gluon vs. quark jet likelihood discriminant Measures WWZ TGC CMS PAS FSQ-12-019 15Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

16. W + c-Jet W+c ‐ jet production Sensitive to strange PDF of the proton. W charge the same as initial s quark Strange anti-strange PDF should be ~symmetric Analysis uses charm hadron reconstruction to identify charm jets. Fair agreement with PDF fits Competitive sensitivity to strange PDF compared to neutrino scattering experiments CMS PAS SMP-12-002 16Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

17. Z + b-Jets Production of Z + 1 or 2 b jets Good agreement with predicted cross section across jet bins Key distributions for ZH analysis look good CMS PAS SMP-13-004 17Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

18. W + 2b-Jets Production of W + 2 central b jets History of disagreement in V+hf between theory and experimental data. Critical background for Higgs searches Double tags events to remove W+c and constrain top contribution from high jet multiplicity region. Good agreement with predicted cross section CMS PAS SMP-12-026 18 Disagreement with V+b states localized to V+1b. Populated by merged low angle gluon splitting. Controlled in Higgs by data driven background estimates CMS PAS EWK-11-015 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

19. Other V (+ jets) Results Active program in V (+jets) (not shown here) –Photon + jets, Photon + Jets rapidities –W differential vs. n jet cross section –W polarization at large pT –DY cross section –Z differential vs. n jet cross section –Z  tautau 19Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

20. Fundamental test of Standard Model Multiple vector boson interactions due to the gauge structure of the Standard Model Test of QCD techniques in VV+jets Probe for new physics Indirect search for tree or loop effects of massive new particles in Anomalous Triple Gauge Couplings (TGC) and Quartic Gauge Couplings (QGC) Quartic coupling especially sensitivity to EWSB including non SM contributions Multiboson Production QGC 20 TGC EWSB Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

21. γγ Production Highest statistics diboson mode Probes phase space regions where NNLO prediction is important Differential NNLO prediction available Best agreement with is with NNLO theory Other predictions agree in phase spaces where they are expected to do well CMS PAS SMP-13-001 21Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

22. W γ, Z γ Production W γ  lνγ, Zγ  llγ ννγ Differential with γ in charged lepton modes Minimum γ E T > 15 GeV Also missing E T and γ with high E T in Zγ  ννγ Agreement with NLO theory (MCFM NLO, BAUR) Don’t strongly confirm ATLAS excess Need differential measurements including nJet and jet kinematics Confirm our understanding of VV+jets for VV scattering or triple gauge boson production CMS PAS SMP-12-020 CMS PAS EWK-11-009 22Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

23. W γ, Z γ aTGC aTGC searches Exploit expected high transverse momentum of vector boson if there is aTGC using γ Et distribution Good sensitivity due to higher branching ratios in in Zγ  ννγ Zγ  ννγ dominates sensitivity. aTGC limits on ZZ γ and Zγγ are worlds best Limits on WW γ approaching LEP sensitivity    and    CMS PAS SMP-12-020 CMS PAS EWK-11-009 23Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

24. aTGC – interesting yet? Are these aTGC limits interesting yet? Useful to consider aTGC in effective field theory Essentially the same as looking for weak force effect well below the mass scale of the W and Z h ≈ cm V 2 /  2 Natural assumption for coupling constant c: order 1 Assumption new physics scale. 1 to 3 TeV Therefore h3 = 1x10 -4 to 1x10 -3 interesting 24 h4 described by higher dimension operator but limits 100x more stringent At level of interesting sensitivity. Also higher order effects will become important Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

25. WW Production Signal: dileptons (e and μ) and missing E T Cross sections at 7 and 8 TeV Apply jet veto to reduce top backgrounds Cross sections high at 1-1.5σ level compared to NLO σ(WW 7 TeV) = 52.4 ± 2.0(stat.) ± 4.5(sys.) ± 1.2(lum.) pb, MCFM: 47.0±2.0 pb σ(WW 8 TeV) = 69.9 ± 2.8(stat.) ± 5.6(sys.) ± 3.1(lum.) pb, MCFM: 57.3±2.0 pb Expect contributions at 5% level from H  WW and other processes jet veto adds systematic uncertainty Removing 0 jet veto should be possible. Expand to 1 jet 25 Phys. Lett. B 721 (2013) 190 CMS PAS SMP-12-005 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

26. WW aTGC aTGC search Exploit expected high transvers momentum of vector boson using leading lepton p T distribution Limits Limits on WW γ and WWZ approaching LEP sensitivity     Z   g Z 1  CMS PAS SMP-12-005 26Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

27. WZ Production Signal: trileptons (e and μ) and missing E T Cross sections at 7 and 8 TeV Sample pure enough to allow jet analysis CMS PAS SMP-12-006 27 Highest cross section very low background VV mode Interesting for testing theory predictions Approximate NNLO available Collinear radiation effects along a hard object can increase the hard cross section Matrix element + PS at NLO available Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013 hep-ph/1209.4595

28. WW+WZ Production WW + WZ production in semileptonic decays Signal: leptons (e and μ) and missing E T and two jets consistent with a W or Z Cross sections at 7 Apply jet veto to reduce top backgrounds First observation of WW+WZ: 2700 candidates Cross section in agreement with theory σ(WV 7 TeV) = 68.89 ± 8.71 (stat) ± 9.70 (syst) ± 1.52 (lumi) pb MCFM NLO : 65.6 ± 2.2 pb Also used to search for higher mass resonance produced in associated with a W boson No evidence of a resonance and limits placed on several models Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2283 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 251801 28Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

29. WW+WZ aTGC aTGC search Exploit expected high transverse momentum of vector boson using hadronically decaying vector boson p T distribution Weak sensitivity to gZ1. Set to SM value. Limits Limits on WWγ and WWZ approaching LEP sensitivity Continuing this analysis requires using jet substructure Eur. Phys. J. C 73 (2013) 2283 29 Probably not sensitive to NP yet. Will reach sensitivity with 13-14 TeV data or 8 TeV combination Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

30. ZZ Production ZZ production in charged leptonic decays (e, μ and tau) Cross sections at 7 and 8 TeV. Also Z  4l Cross sections in agreement with theory σ( ZZ 7 TeV) = 6.2 ± 0.8 (stat.) ± 0.4 (sys.) ± 0.1 (lum.) pb MCFM NL) : 6.3 ± 0.4 pb σ(ZZ 8 TeV) = 7.7 ± 0.5 (stat.) ± 0.4 (sys.) ± 0.3 (lum.) pb MCFM NLO : 7.7 ± 0.4 pb Phys. Lett. B 721 (2013) 190 JHEP 12 (2012) 034 30 JHEP 01 (2013) 063 CMS PAS SMP-13-005 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

31. ZZ aTGC aTGC search Exploit expected high transvers momentum of vector bosons using the 4l mass. World leading sensitivity to ZZ γ and ZZZ 31 CMS PAS SMP-13-005 Very near interesting region for NP sensitivity Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

32. Summary of Cross Sections 32Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

33. Many places you might look for new physics In the context of SM measurements? Look for deviations in the EWSB sector Compatibility with precision SM measurements with the observed Higgs boson –m t, m W Longitudinal vector boson scattering Where to Next 33Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

34. Has the LHC finally surpassed the Tevatron? –CMS: 0.56%(with 8 TeV), Best CMS measurement in 7 TeV l+jets – LHC: 0.54% –Tevatron: 0.50% (Tevatron result is still a moving target) Top Mass 34 CMS PAS TOP-13-005 JHEP 12 (2012) 105 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013 CMS PAS TOP-13-003

35. Top Mass Projections 35 JHEP 12 (2012) 105 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013 Substantial improvement in top mass possible. Good sensitivity from orthogonal methods with different limiting factors 200 MeV sensitivity –Doesn’t address issue of defining the top pole mass The W mass? –Not studied in detailed –Currently limited by PDF uncertainty at 10 MeV level. Data may allow improved PDFs CMS PAS FTR-13-017

36. m T vs m W 36Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013 LHC gets halfway to ILC type sensitivity. –Multiple orthogonal methods of top mass reconstruction may improve sensitivity in combination –Large datasets may improve PDF uncertainty in Wmass Could be sensitivity to indicate non SM behavior Where to look next?

37. QGC and Vector Boson Scattering Vector boson scattering interactions in the SM –Double triple gauge couplings, t and s channel –Quartic gauge coupling: WWγγ, WWZγ, WWWW, WWZZ –t channel scattering via a Higgs Standard model expectation is precisely predicted given the Higgs mass –All scattering contributions individually rise quickly with CM energy and violate unitarity. –Unitarity conserved by interference effects. New physics in scattering –Often described in generalized context of anomalous quartic gauge couplings (aQGCs) –Exchange of new heavy particles such as extra scalars (Higgs) is a direct window on non-SM electroweak symmetry breaking contributions. –NP would modify the interference and alter the differential cross section as a function of scattering CM energy. Also triboson production 37Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

38. WW γ+ WZ γ (a)QGC Signal: leptons (e and μ) and missing E T, dijet, photon Search for SM WW γ+ WZ γ Production aQGC Search for WWZ γ, WW γγ, aQGC Not sensitive to SM rate or likely aQGC CMS PAS SMP-13-009 38 σ(WV γ ) < 241 fb, 3.4x σ SM Many studies of aQGC done. Now also some complete analysis! Expect that most scattering and 3V states accessible at 13-14TeV. SM or aQGC Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

39. Search for   WW and aQGC   WW in Central exclusive production Signal: dileptons (eμ) and missing E T with central track veto Use pTeμ to search for aQGC. Expect 2.2 ± 0.5 signal events, 0.84 ± 0.13 background. Observe 2 σ(   WW) < 8.4 fb, SM: 3.8 ± 0.9 LEP CMS PAS FSQ-12-010 39 Near interesting region for SM and NP sensitivity Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

40. WZ Scattering and aQGC Discovery potential for SM EWK WZ scattering and aQGC –WZ events in leptonic decays with forward scattering jets 40 CMS PAS FTR-13-006 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

41. Impressive number of SM results from the CMS –Precise tests of the Standard Model at TeV scale –Agreement with theory in most cases –Starting to set serious constraints on electroweak parameters and PDFs –Measurements are challenging NLO and NNLO predictions –Analysis approaching new physics sensitivity in the gauge sector Still much of the LHC data at 8 TeV to be analyzed –More results with improved precision and new topics expected soon, stay tuned! 13-14 TeV data will have strong sensitivity to new physics. –Though predicated on the excellence of theory predictions and experimental effort to validate them Summary 41Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

42. Backup 42Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

43. W and Z Cross Sections Cancelation of systematic errors in ratio -both experimental and theoretical -Removes largest experimental uncertainty, luminosity W/Z ratio at 8 TeV: ~1.5 sigma difference all PDF sets 2% experimental systematic uncertainty. Present at 7TeV and in W+ and W- seperately also With better precision discrepancies are found CMS PAS SMP-12-011 JHEP 10 (2011) 132 43Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

44. Drell-Yan Cross Sections Doubly differential in dσ/dM and rapidity in mass bins dσ/dM from 15 to 1500 GeV Rapidity from 0 to 2.4 in 6 mass bins Comparisons with: FEWZ + PDF sets Agreement in dσ/dM and y. Low mass sensitive to PDF and integration issues. Understanding low mass dilepton pairs important for Higgs JHEP 10 (2011) 7 44 CMS PAS SMP-12-011 Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013

45. W Charge Asymmetry W charge asymmetry results both testing and then constraining PDFs –CMS and ATLAS results added in NNPDF2.2 reducing uncertainty. –Again improving PDFs in preparation for 13- 14TEV Nucl.Phys. B855 (2012) 608-638 NNPDF Collaboration 45Matthew Herndon, Wisconsin, FNAL 2013