2. Private Sector and Public Sector - 私营部门和公 共部门 Sole Trader - 个体经营 Partnerships - 合作伙伴 Limited Companies - 企业 Cooperatives - 合作社 Types of Organizations - 组织 类型

3. Learning Outcome Learn different types of organizations and know their main features. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each type of organization identified. Understand how Private and Public Sectors 扇形 are different.

4. The Private and Public Sectors of the Economy The Private Sector 私营部门 are businesses owned and controlled by individuals or groups of individuals. In every country, most business activity is in the private sector. The Public Sector 公共部门 are Organizations that are controlled by the government. These usually include: Health and education services Defense The Economy Public Sector Private Sector

5. Public Sector Organizations The Public Sector is made up or organizations which are owned and controlled by central or local government. They are funded by government and in some cases profit. Public Sector businesses still have important roles to play in certain areas of business activity.

6. The Public Sector is made up or organizations which are owned and controlled by central or local government. They are funded and managed by the government. The main aim is to work in the Interest of Public. Basic needs like Electricity, water and railways transport Public Corporations/ State Owned Enterprise

7. The Private Sector Private Sector Businesses Sole Trader Partnership Limited Companies Cooperatives Private LTD Public LTD

8. Limited Liability 有限责任 – What does it mean? It is about who is responsible for the debts of the business: Owners can be held responsible for ALL of the debts of the firm

9. The Sole Trader 个体经营 This is the most common type of business organization. One person provides the finances and in return, has full control of the business and is able to keep all the profits.

10. Characteristics 特色 of The Sole Trader One owner Owns the business Makes all the decisions Is responsible for all debts (unlimited liability) 无限责任

11. The Sole Trader Advantages Easy to set up, few legal requirements. Owner is the boss Owner keeps all profits. Able to have close personal relationships with staff 员工 and customers.

12. The Sole Trader Disadvantages Has full responsibility for managing business Long hours Difficult to raise additional capital (money). The owner has Unlimited Liability to repay any business debts

13. Partnership Partnerships are agreements between two or more people to carry on a business together, usually with a view of making a profit.

14. Partnership Advantages Partnerships are easy to set up Partners can bring new skills and ideas Partners can invest new capital to expand the business Disadvantages Partners can disagree Profits are shared. Partners have unlimited liability

15. Private Limited Company Public Limited Company Limited availability of finance Can raise a huge amount of finance Have Limited liability Have a legal personality Capital is divided into shares Cannot sell to the general public Can sell to the general public Business continues in the event of death Shareholder/s is the director/s to run the business Shareholders elect the board to directors to run the business

16. Cooperatives Organizations that are owned by their workers, such as a farming cooperative 养殖合作社. Features All members can help run the business, sharing the work, responsibilities and decision making. All members have one vote. They share their money to buy equipment, and share the decision making, and profit.

17. Cooperatives Organizations that are owned by their workers, such as a farming cooperative AdvantagesDisadvantage Everybody is equalIt is difficult to raise money Workers get to keep the profits Workers may make bad decisions because they have little business experience

18. The ownership, control and finance of different firms Sole Trader PartnershipPrivate limited company Public limited company Cooperative OwnershipOwned by its members ControlOwner Source of finance Public sales of stock Who gets the profits Profits shared by members

19. Review Questions If a business owner has unlimited liability, this means: A. The business cannot go bankrupt B. The owner must meet all of his debts C. The business has sold shares D. The business is only small

20. Review Questions If a business owner has unlimited liability, this means: A. The business cannot go bankrupt B. The owner must meet all of their debts C. The business has sold shares D. The business is only small

21. Review Questions A furniture maker produces expensive hand-made pieces of wooden furniture. In which type of business organization is the furniture maker likely to work? A. A private limited company B. A cooperative C. A sole trader D. A public limited company

22. Review Questions A furniture maker produces expensive hand-made pieces of wooden furniture. In which type of business organization is the furniture maker likely to work? A. A private limited company B. A cooperative C. A sole trader D. A public limited company

23. Review Questions Which of the following is not a private sector business organization? A. Public Limited Company B. Partnership C. Public Hospital D. Cooperative

24. Review Questions Which of the following is not a private sector business organization? A. Public Limited Company B. Partnership C. Public Hospital D. Cooperative

25. Resources to help you http://open.163.com http://v.163.com/special/Khan/microecono mics.htmlhttp://v.163.com/special/Khan/microecono mics.html Review video with Chinese