1. GEMSTONES

2. DEFINITION MINERALS that are cut RARE= valuable Usually above 7 on hardness scale

3. Gold Pure gold is malleable, heavy and expensive! Gold in jewelry is an alloy (mix of metals) K= % of gold 24K= 100% gold 14K = ?

4. The 5 C’s Cut Clarity Color Carat Cost

5. CUT Ground down on a grinding wheel Faceting- for TLT-TPT Lets light through mineral; adds brilliance Cabachoning- for OPQ

6. Diamonds in the “rough”

8. Round brilliant

9. Faceting

10. Cabachoning

11. Cabachons

12. Clarity Amount of imperfections Specs Cracks discoloration

13. Color Colored gems= deep color, more $$ Diamonds= D-Z scale (see handout) Exception is Z+ fancy diamonds are colored diamonds- most rare of all

14. D, Fl I 3

15. Fancy Diamonds More rare than traditional diamonds.

16. Carat Weight of gemstone 1 ct= 200 mg 100 pts.= 1 carat TGW= total gem weight for many stones together

18. Cost Depends on previous 4 C’s (especially clarity and color)

19. FAMOUS DIAMONDS

20. How Do Diamonds Form? Contrary to what many people believe, most diamonds do not form from coal

21. CULLINIAN 9

22. CULLINAN I STAR OF AFRICA 530 CTS.

23. Cullinan II: 317 cts.

24. Kohinoor Originally 186 cts. Now 108 cts. Queen of England

25. HOPE DIAMOND; 65 cts. New setting Nov. 2010

26. Smithsonian

28. Tiffany yellow

29. PINK- $2-3 million.

30. DeYoung Red 5.03 cts.

31. $5 million

32. Taylor-Burton Diamond (33 cts. -ring, $8 mill) 68 ct. necklace

33. Smithsonian diamonds

34. MILLENIUM STAR- 230 CTS D, IF (“Millenniums come and go, but a diamond is forever” DeBeers

35. The Regent Diamond 410 carat diamond when originally found. Later cut down to 140 carats. Today is at The Louvre.

36. Birthstones

37. Garnet January birthstone

38. ALEXANDRITE 1.6 ct $16,000

39. OPAL (hydrated quartz)

40. TOPAZ November birthstone

41. Emerald May birthstone

43. Peridot August Birthstone

44. Most expensive gemstones http://www.toptenz.net/top-10-record- breaking-gemstones.php http://www.toptenz.net/top-10-record- breaking-gemstones.php

45. Synthetic gemstones Advantages? Less expensive Less flawed Disadvantages?