1. Ninth Grade Literature
An Introduction to William Shakespeare and the Tragedy of Romeo & Juliet
Ninth Grade Literature

2. This presentation will…
inform you about the life and work of the mysterious William Shakespeare.
provide you details about Elizabethan society and theater.
define basic terminology related to Shakespearean poetry and drama.

3. April 23, 1564: William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon to John and Mary Shakespeare. There is a baptismal registration for Shakespeare, but few other written records exist. He was the 3rd of 8 children.

4. Much of Shakespeare’s younger years remain a mystery, but there are rumors about what jobs he may have worked.
Schoolmaster
Lawyer
Butcher Apprentice
Lawyer

5. 1582: According to church records, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway.
At the time of their marriage, William was eighteen and Anne was twenty-six.

6. William and Anne have three children together (Susanna, Hamnet, and Judith).
Shakespeare left his family in 1591 to pursue writing in London.
August 1596: young Hamnet died at the age of eleven. The cause of his death is unknown.
Susanna
Hamnet
Judith

7. In 1592, Shakespeare began developing a reputation as an actor and playwright.
As theatres were beginning to grow in popularity, it is probable that Shakespeare began earning a living writing plays (adapting old ones and working with others on new ones).

8. 1594: William became involved with a company of actors named “The Lord Chamberlain’s Men.” This group later (1603) changed their name to “The King’s Men”.

9. In 1598, Shakespeare, in collaboration with other actors, designed and built The Globe.
This circular theatre was the first of its kind, breaking away from the traditional rectangular theatres.

10. 1612: Shakespeare moved back to Stratford where he retired both rich and famous.

11. 1616: William Shakespeare dies on his birthday.

12. At the time of his death, Shakespeare is said to have written around 37 plays and 154 sonnets. He is also known to have contributed over two thousand words to the English language.
Sniffledorfen

13. Good frend for Jesus sake forbeare To digg the dust encloasedheare
Bleste be ye man [that] spares thes stones
And curst be he that moves my bones.

14. Which do you prefer?

15. Or…

16. Shakespearean Theater “The Globe”
Romeo, Romeo…Where for art thou Romeo?

17. Elizabethan Theatre Fun Facts
The First Elizabethan Theater: “The Wooden O”
Built in 1576, first permanent stage in London
Built by James Burbage
Shaped in form of a tavern
1599 theatre torn down, but Shakespeare’s company used it to build The Globe Theatre

18. Elizabethan Theatre Fun Facts
The Globe
Round/polygonal building with a roofless courtyard
No artificial light
Three stories high – upper levels were for the wealthy
The “groundlings” paid a penny a piece to stand on the floor in front of the stage (800 people)
Large platform stage
Back of platform was curtained off inner stage
Two door entrances/exits on either side of curtain
Small balcony/upper stage
Elaborate costumes but no props
Young boys played the parts of women; women weren’t allowed to be actors

19. Elizabethan Theatre Fun Facts
Back then:
1 penny= standing-room ticket
2 pennies= seat (gentry)
3 pennies = seat with a cushion (gentry)
Keep in mind, a penny was about one sixth of a working man’s daily wage. So tickets were pretty affordable. Better than today…

20. Broadway Tickets for a hot Broadway show: $75 = cheapest balcony seat
$325 = mid-level seat
$600 = orchestra (best seating
Not quite as affordable…

21. Fire and Rediscovery
Shakespeare’s Globe burned down, but its foundation was discovered in It gave us many clues to the Elizabethan experience such as hazelnut shells! A replica has since been rebuilt. You can visit it and see a play today.

22. Shakespeare’s 5 Part Storytelling Pattern:
Act III: Climax/Turning Point
A series of complications
Act IV: Falling Action
Results of the turning point; characters locked into deeper disaster
Act II: Rising Action
A series of complications
Act I: Exposition
Establishes setting, characters, conflict, and background
Act V: Resolution/Denouement
Death of the main characters and then the loose parts of the plot are tied up

23. Tips for Understanding Romeo and Juliet
Romeo and Juliet is based on Arthur Brooke’s long narrative poem the Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet (1562).
The play has a highly moral tone: disobedience, as well as fate, leads to the deaths of two lovers.

24. Motifs in Romeo and Juliet
Power of Love
Violence from Passion
The Individual vs. Society
The Inevitability of Fate

25. MONTAGUE vs. CAPULET Romeo Juliet Lord Montague (his dad)
Lady Montague (his mom)
Mercutio (friend)
Benvolio (cousin)
Juliet
Lord Capulet (her father)
Lady Capulet (her mother)
Tybalt (cousin)
Nurse

26. A Pair of Star Crossed Lovers…
“My only love sprung from my only hate! Too early seen unknown , and known too late!”
~ Juliet; Act I, Scene V

29. ROMEO AND JULIET

30. Prologue
Two households, both alike in dignity, in fair Verona, where we lay our scene, from ancient grudge break to new mutiny, where civil blood makes civil hands unclean. From forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life; Whose misadventured piteous overthrows do with their death bury their parents' strife. The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love, and the continuance of their parents' rage, which, but their children's end, nought could remove, is now the two hours' traffic of our stage.