2. Introduction  Aquatic animals like fish, developed an organ, gills, to breathe under water. Gills are similar with humans lungs, though ones that humans have, lungs, typically extracts 25% of oxygen from the air while the fishes gills extracts up to 80% of oxygen in water. The cycle starts with the dissolve oxygen enters the mouth of the fish, goes over the gill filaments and out the gill covers or the operculum.

3. Objective/Problem This study aims to test the rate of operculum movement of a fish exposed to low temperature.

4. Hypothesis  There is no significant relationship between the temperature of water and the operculum movement of a fish.  There is a significant relationship between the temperature of water and the operculum movement of a fish.

5. Materials  3 Fishes  3 Liter set  3 Thermometer  Weighing Scale  Water  Block of Ice

6. Methods Water was poured in the liter set. (Set A= 300ml, Set B= 600ml, Set C=900ml. Then the fish was placed in the liter set. 100 grams of ice and a thermometer was placed on each liter set. Then the researchers observed the fishes. The temperature was measured.

7. Results Set-up Water: Set A 300ml Set B 600 ml Set C 900 ml Ice100grams Temperature:10 degrees Celsius 15 degrees Celsius 18 degrees Celsius Operculum movement: Almost not moving SlowNormal

8. Discussion  Base on the experiment, the liter set with little amount of water (300ml) then added with a 100grams of ice, is the coldest water. And as observed, the fish in the said liter set has the slowest operculum movement. It is because, the ice, that is just a solidified form of water (H 2 O) added more dissolved oxygen on the water present in the liter set. And for this reason the fish in the said tank does not struggle to look for oxygen in its environment.

9. Conclusion  Therefore the researchers also conclude that there is a significant relationship between a low temperature of water and the operculum movement of a fish.

10. References  http://www.reec.nsw.edu.au/geo/fish/adapsfi. htm http://www.reec.nsw.edu.au/geo/fish/adapsfi. htm  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gill  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operculum_(fish) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operculum_(fish)  http://stanford.sea.edu/research/Summers% 20Final.pdf http://stanford.sea.edu/research/Summers% 20Final.pdf

11. Authors  Tan, Marianne A.  Viajar, Leah Lynne A.  Odchimar, Grasil Ann A.  Gonzales, Miguela Mae E. (Group 6)