1. Migration to the Americas Chapter 1; Lesson 1

2. First things first… Write down this redemption code: 14JL-ZZLL-XXEQ Homework for tonight: Log on to: http://connected.mcgraw-hill.com/connected/login.do Enter redemption code and make sure that you can access the online textbook

3. What your Social Studies binder should include: Section for notes (lined paper) Section for homework (lined paper) Section for classwork (lined paper) Section for First Things First (lined paper)--unless you have a journal/composition notebook for it Divider with pocket for handouts

4. First things first… Who were the first Americans and where did they come from? What is a land bridge?

5. Beringia

6. The Migration Begins What is archaeology? What are artifacts? Archaeology is the study of the material remains of ancient peoples Artifacts are the tools, weapons, and other objects left behind by early peoples

7. The Migration Begins An Ice Age began about 100,000 years ago and ended about 12,000 years ago During this time a large area of the Earth’s water formed huge sheets of ice or glaciers which lowered the levels of the sea The lower sea levels exposed a strip of land or a “land bridge” that connected northeastern Asia to what is now Alaska—scientist believe early people traveled across this land bridge from Asia to North America

8. The Migration Begins Scientists call this land bridge, “Beringia” which now lies beneath the Bering Strait A strait is a narrow body of water that connects two larger ones What is the reason for this migration or movement of people from one area to another?---the answer, most likely, is the search for food Early people were nomads or people who moved from place to place in search of better hunting grounds

9. About 15,000 years ago the Ice Age began to end— temperatures rose and glaciers melted, which raised ocean levels—the Beringia land bridge disappeared under the ocean Large mammals that the people hunted for food began to disappear—people had to change Around 10,000 years ago people in the area known as Mexico learned to plant maize (corn)—they also planted pumpkins, beans, and squash By farming, people no longer had to move from place to place looking for food to hunt (went from being hunter- gatherers to farmers) The Migration Begins

10. Possible Migration Routes

11. Vocabulary words: Carbon dating: a scientific method of determining the age of an artifact by seeing how much radioactive carbon is in it Cultures: a people’s shared values, beliefs, traditions, and behaviors The Migration Begins

12. First Things First… Write about what you know about September 11, 2001 or what 9/11 means to you

13. http://www.history.com/topics/native-american- history/native-american-cultures/videos/the-first-americans History Channel Video

14. First Things First… Of the four civilizations that you read about (Olmec, Maya, Aztec, Inca) which one did you find the most interesting and why?

15. Second to none… Share out with the class what you wrote about 9/11 yesterday

16. Archaeology is the study of…? A.Artistic People B.Material remains of ancient peoples C.Planets and Stars D.Future people and what they might look like

17. Archaeology is the study of…? A.Artistic People B.Material remains of ancient peoples C.Planets and Stars D.Future people and what they might look like

18. Artifacts are …? A.Usually really cool B.Things that are from early civilizations C.Usually tools, weapons, and other objects D.All of the above

19. Artifacts are …? A.Usually really cool B.Things that are from early civilizations C.Usually tools, weapons, and other objects D. All of the above

20. Approximately when did the Ice Age begin? A.About 50 years ago B.About 10,000 years ago C.About 100,000 years ago D.About 1,000,000 years ago

21. Approximately when did the Ice Age begin? A.About 50 years ago B.About 10,000 years ago C.About 100,000 years ago D.About 1,000,000 years ago

22. Approximately when did the Ice Age end? A.About 12,000 years ago B.About 6,000 years ago C.About 20,000 years ago D.About 1,200 years ago

23. Approximately when did the Ice Age end? A. About 12,000 years ago B.About 6,000 years ago C.About 20,000 years ago D.About 1,200 years ago

24. What is a land bridge? A.A bridge that goes over water B.An exposed strip of land caused by low water levels C.An exposed strip of land caused by high water levels D.A land mass under water

25. What is a land bridge? A.A bridge that goes over water B.An exposed strip of land caused by low water levels C.An exposed strip of land caused by high water levels D.A land mass under water

26. A strait is…? A.Something that isn’t crooked B.A piece of land that doesn’t have mountains C.A piece of land that connects two bodies of water D.A narrow body of water that connects two larger ones

27. A strait is…? A.Something that isn’t crooked B.A piece of land that doesn’t have mountains C.A piece of land that connects two bodies of water D.A narrow body of water that connects two larger ones

28. Migration is …? A.A group of people who stay in one place B.A way of farming C.A movement of people from one place to another D.A way of hunting for large animals

29. Migration is …? A.A group of people who stay in one place B.A way of farming C.A movement of people from one place to another D.A way of hunting for large animals

30. Nomads are people that stay in one place. True False

31. Nomads are people that stay in one place. True False

32. When large mammals that people hunted for began to disappear, people changed from hunter-gatherers to A.Fishermen/women B.Crafters C.Farmers D.Philosophers

33. When large mammals that people hunted for began to disappear, people changed from hunter-gatherers to A.Fishermen/women B.Crafters C.Farmers D.Philosophers

34. Carbon dating is… A.A scientific method of determining how old an object is B.A educated guess as to how old something is C.A way to check how old something is by seeing how it was made D.A way to check how old something is by comparing it to something else

35. Carbon dating is… A.A scientific method of determining how old an object is B.A educated guess as to how old something is C.A way to check how old something is by seeing how it was made D.A way to check how old something is by comparing it to something else

36. The definition of culture is… A.A people’s shared values B.A people’s shared beliefs C.A people’s shared traditions D.All of the above

37. The definition of culture is… A.A people’s shared values B.A people’s shared beliefs C.A people’s shared traditions D.All of the above