1. - Review how thermal energy affects temperature during a phase change - Summarize your study of sun shadow plots - Investigate the behavior of the sun and earth throughout the seasons TODAY’S OUTCOMES: HEAT Reminder: Course Evaluation Window Is Open! Link is listed at the top of COURSE CONTENT SUN AND MOON

2. > Marty likes ice-cold coffee, but putting ice in it makes it watery. Her idea is too cool something that doesn’t melt (like glass marbles or a piece of aluminum) in the freezer and put them in her coffee instead of using ice cubes. Is this going to work as well? It will cool the coffee down (the marbles/aluminum will absorb thermal energy until they are in equilibrium with the coffee) BUT not as well as the ice, because the ice absorbs thermal energy as it melts, and can actually get the coffee to 0°C as long as there are unmelted ice cubes. > Why does your body react by sweating when you are hot? What purpose does this serve? Your body produces sweat so that when the water evaporates, it lowers your body temperature and you cool off.

3. Phase Changes : SOLID ⇔ LIQUID LIQUID ⇔ GAS require the transfer thermal energy! You’ve seen 3 examples of this in class now: 1) Ice melting - the temperature did not rise, even though you add thermal energy 2) Water boiling - the temperature does not rise, even though the coffee maker added thermal energy 3) Evaporation - the temperature lowered, even though you didn’t add thermal energy

4. - Adding/removing thermal energy does not change temperature during a phase change - The difference between thermal energy and temperature - How a temperature plot looks during melting or boiling WHAT YOU ARE EXPECTED TO KNOW:

5. 1) Objects/substances in the same environment will tend toward thermal equilibrium; that is, they reach the same temperature over time. Key Points from the Unit on Heat: 2) The rate at which thermal energy moves is largest when there is a big temperature difference. 3) There are 3 ways thermal energy can move: conduction, convection and radiation. 4) The amount of thermal energy required to raise temperature is given by thermal energy = mass ✕ specific heat ✕ temp. change 5) Energy, including thermal energy, is conserved. 6) Phase changes require energy.

6. - Review how thermal energy affects temperature during a phase change ✓ - Summarize your study of sun shadow plots - Investigate the behavior of the sun and earth throughout the seasons TODAY’S OUTCOMES: HEAT Reminder: Course Evaluation Window Is Open! Link is listed at the top of COURSE CONTENT SUN AND MOON