1. ABCABC 1. Which sign wave has the least amplitude? 2. Which has the highest frequency? 3. Which has the shortest wavelengths? 4. Which has the lowest frequency 5. Which has the longest wavelength 6. If these three sign waves represented RF, microwave, and x-ray energies, which would be x-ray? 7. All of these energies are in a continuum of energies known as the _________ __________. 8. How many Hz are represented in A? 9. The length of time in which the answer to #8 occurs is referred to as a __________ 10. Which of these is the most common isotope of Carbon? 12 C 13 C 14 C 11. Where does gamma radiation come from? 12. How does 14 C most significantly differ from 12 C and 13 C 13. What is the Z number of 12 C 14 What is the A number of 12 C 15. If an ion of magnesium (Z=12) has a charge of +1 how many electrons will be in the orbital shell with a principle quantum number of 3? 16. What is the name of the energy that must be overcome before ionization can occur? 17. Is the binding energy of the k shell of iodine less than, equal to, or greater than the L shell binding energy of iodine? 18. Is the binding energy of the k shell of Hydrogen less than, equal to, or greater than the k shell binding energy of iodine? 19. Why is static electricity more prevalent in the winter time? 20. State the inverse square law of electrostatic forces. Questions 1-9 refer to this figure

2. ABCABC 1. Which sign wave has the least amplitude? B 2. Which has the highest frequency? C 3. Which has the shortest wavelengths? C 4. Which has the lowest frequency B 5. Which has the longest wavelength B 6. If these three sign waves represented RF, microwave, and x-ray energies, which would be x-ray? C 7. All of these energies are in a continuum of energies known as the electromagnetic spectrum. 8. How many Hz are represented in A? 6 9. The length of time in which the answer to #8 occurs is referred to as a period 10. Which of these is the most common isotope of Carbon? 12 C 13 C 14 C 12 C 11. Where does gamma radiation come from? The nucleus of unstable (radioactive) isotopes. 12. How does 14 C most significantly differ from 12 C and 13 C It is radioactive 13. What is the Z number of 12 C 6 14 What is the A number of 12 C 12 15. If an ion of magnesium (Z=12) has a charge of +1 how many electrons will be in the orbital shell with a principle quantum number of 3? One 16. What is the name of the energy that must be overcome before ionization can occur? Binding energy 17. Is the binding energy of the k shell of iodine less than, equal to, or greater than the L shell binding energy of iodine? Greater than 18. Is the binding energy of the k shell of Hydrogen less than, equal to, or greater than the k shell binding energy of iodine? Less than 19. Why is static electricity more prevalent in the winter time? Less humidity means it is less likely for a static charge to discharge 20. State the inverse square law of electrostatic forces. The force of attraction or repulsion is directly proportional to the magnitude of the product of two charges, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Questions 1-9 refer to this figure