1. Why does a soda cool in a handful of seconds while passing through ice,water, and salt? By Finn Corcoran and Will Telingator

2. Hypothesis We think it will cool quickly because of the conduction from the ice to the soda.

3. Method 15 feet of vinyl tubing. Put the tubing through the cooler. Put tubing into funnel. 1 cooler. The cooler should be filled with ice, rock salt, and water. 1 funnel. Hold the funnel high so the soda will go down quicker. Make sure funnel fits tubing. 1 soda. Pour the soda into the funnel. 1 cup. Put the cup next to the cooler. The tubing should go through a hole in the cooler, so the soda will come out the tubing into the cup. 15 feet of vinyl tubing. Put the tubing through the cooler. Put tubing into funnel. 1 cooler. The cooler should be filled with ice, rock salt, and water. 1 funnel. Hold the funnel high so the soda will go down quicker. Make sure funnel fits tubing. 1 soda. Pour the soda into the funnel. 1 cup. Put the cup next to the cooler. The tubing should go through a hole in the cooler, so the soda will come out the tubing into the cup.

4. Method Lots of water. Put the water into the cooler. Lots of ice. Put the ice with the water in the cooler. Ice makes the water colder. Rock salt. The salt lowers the freezing temperature of water, so make sure you have it if you want colder soda. Lots of water. Put the water into the cooler. Lots of ice. Put the ice with the water in the cooler. Ice makes the water colder. Rock salt. The salt lowers the freezing temperature of water, so make sure you have it if you want colder soda.

5. Observations The beginning temperature of the soda was 70.5˚F. The soda cooled very quickly. The ending temperature was 35.0˚F. The salt and water helped cool the soda quicker. At first it took a while for the soda to come out so we had to shift the ice and tubing around. Once we held the funnel filled with soda high, gravity kicked in. The soda rushed down the tubing and into the cup. We had to move the ice around a little bit. The conduction cooled it quickly. Our experiment worked very well on our first try. The soda tasted a little salty, but otherwise it was good. Also, the water smelled different than usual because the salt was there. The water around the tubing was freezing.

6. Conclusion The freezing point of water is 32˚F. With salt, the freezing point is 27˚F. Our soda got colder than usual because the salt was added to the ice water. Conduction played a big part in this experiment. Conduction is a type of heat transfer through direct contact when faster moving particles from a warmer object collide with slower moving particles from a cooler object. The heat from the warmer object goes into the cooler object until they reach thermal equilibrium. Conduction worked in this experiment because the ice and water had direct contact with the vinyl tubing, thus making the warm soda cool through thermal equilibrium with the ice and water, which is the cooler object.

7. Conclusion Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through currents. Convection also happened in this experiment. The soda molecules touching the tube are cooling by the ice water outside the tube. Those cool soda molecules are mixing with the warmer soda molecules that are not touching the tube. That creates a current of mixing the colder molecules with the warmer ones. Our hypothesis was correct.