1. O PPORTUNITIES IN C OASTAL S ECURITY : S OUTHEAST A SIA 26 August 2014 Prof. K. L. Nankivell nankivellk@apcss.org 1

2. 2 After 1982 many countries expanded by a large margin New states + new rights + new capabilities Maritime Safety as Maritime Security?

4. Stood Up: Police Coast Guard, Singapore (1993) Coast Guard Administration, Taiwan (2000) Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency, (2004) Vietnam Marine Police (2008) Re-structured, re-capitalized: Japan Coast Guard (re-named in 2000) Philippine Coast Guard (Coast Watch South 2006) Indian Coast Guard (post-Mumbai 2008) Sri Lanka Coast Guard (2009) ‘new’ China Coast Guard (2012) Taiwan Coast Guard (37 new vessels over 10 years)

5. Taiwan Macclesfield Bank (PRC, Vietnam, Philippines, Taiwan) Senkaku/Diaoyu (Japan, PRC, Taiwan) Take-shima/Dokdo (Japan, ROK) Northern 4 Isls (Japan, Russia) S OVEREIGNTY D ISPUTES IN E AST A SIA Spratly Isls ( Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, Philippines, Taiwan, PRC) Paracel Isls (PRC, Vietnam, Taiwan) ‘International Boundary’ announced by China EEZ Line (Japan) Map source: the University of Texas at Austin Northern Limit Line (UN) Thai-Cambodia Dispute Ieodo/Suyan Rock (ROK, PRC) Northern Limit Line (UN)

6. C OMMONLY IDENTIFIED GAPS : S OUTHEAST A SIA small operators The problem of small operators (fisheries, coastal development) data collection and analysis The problem of data collection and analysis (fisheries, shipping, coastal development) public outreach and communication The problem of public outreach and communication (of safety regulations and resources, government regulation, environmental impacts) bureaucratic density The problem of bureaucratic density (interagency cooperation? Coordination? Communication?) capacity The problem of human capacity budgets The problem of limited budgets

7. DISCUSSION Kerry Lynn Nankivell nankivellk@apcss.org nankivellk@apcss.org (808) 564-5011

8. NWP 1-14M, U.S. Navy Contested Concept of the Commons

9. 9