1. FSMS 7 th Grade Social Studies; Unit 2 Environmental Issues October 11th; Day 27 Georgia Standard SS7G6 (a.b)

2. Standard SS7G6 The student will discuss environmental issues across SWA. (a). Explain how water pollution and the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation and drinking water.

3. Agenda Message: Agenda Message: After-School tutoring is tomorrow from 4-5p. CDA II is Thursday. Social Studies Progress Reports go home Friday. Standard: Standard: Explain how water pollution & the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation and drinking water. E.Q. Tuesday, October 28, 2014: E.Q. Tuesday, October 28, 2014: What are the negatives regarding the use of irrigation in agriculture? Warm Up October 28 th : Warm Up October 28 th : Name three forms of government that answer the question of how governments distribute power. TODAY WE WILL: 1. Turn-in E.Q.’s for Week Ending October 24 th. 2. Complete Factors that Encourage Economic Growth Worksheet 3. IComplete Environmental Issues in SWA

4. E.Q. Answer for October 28 th E.Q. Answer for October 28 th : Problems with irrigation. 1. Irrigated land usually needs chemical fertilizers. 2. Repeated use of fertilizer eventually causes salts to build up in the soil, making it hard to grow anything. Many places in Southwest Asia have been irrigated for many years. As a result, these farming areas no longer produce crops as well as they once did. This condition is called soil pollution. Warm-Up Answer Warm-Up Answer: 1. Unitary: All power is in the hands of the central government 2. Confederation: All power is in the hands of the local governments 3. Federal: Power is shared (or divided) between the central & local governments

5. Rivers (review) Three Major Rivers 1. Tigris River (Where does it flow?) 2. Euphrates River (Where does it flow?) 3. Jordan River (Where does it flow?) These three rivers are important because they furnish water for drinking and irrigation, as well as routes for transportation and trade for those who live along their routes. Many of the major cities in Southwest Asia are located on or near these rivers. These cities and towns are also centers of industry, because that is where workers can be found.

6. Deserts (review) Southwest Asia has a number of very large desert areas: 1. The great Syrian Desert shared between Syria and Iraq, and 2. The Rug al-Khali, or “empty quarter,” in southern Saudi Arabia. These deserts have historically provided Southwest Asia with natural barriers against invasion. They have also led to a way of life that developed around the need to survive in such harsh surroundings.

7. Deserts cont. (review) Some people have always managed to live in and around the desert. These people live in tent camps, surviving as sheep and camel herders. They also make their living by trading animals and handmade goods with towns on the desert’s edge. These people are known as “Bedouins,” or desert nomads (people who roam the desert in search of water and food), and their way of life is gradually disappearing.

8. Climate (review) Climate is defined as the type of weather a region has over a very long period. The countries of Southwest Asia generally have a very hot and dry climate. Four large bodies of water, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea, border Southwest Asia. Even so, mountain ranges close to many of the coastal areas block rains coming from these bodies of water. The result is that much of the interior of Southwest Asia is desert.

9. Climate cont. (review) Because there are coastal areas as well as a number of large rivers, other parts of this region have enough water to support agriculture and towns and cities of significant size. Trade Southwest Asia is located between three major continents: 1. Europe 2. Africa, and 3. Asia. For this reason, the region has played a major role in trade among these continents through the centuries.

10. Trade cont. Ships loaded with trade goods from Asia would travel to the coast of Southwest Asia. These goods would then be loaded onto caravans that traveled across the desert to the coast on the other side of Southwest Asia. Today the Suez Canal in Egypt links the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, therefore making it possible to continue trade among the continents without having to use overland caravans.

11. Farming (agriculture) Many people in Southwest Asia practice subsistence agriculture, growing small amounts of crops, to take care of their local needs. Because the climate is so dry, agriculture nearly always depend on irrigation, directing water from small rivers and streams to the farmer’s fields. There is some commercial agriculture (growing crops for industrial markets), but even that is limited by lack of water.

12. Water Water is a critical resource in Southwest Asia, both as a source of life and as a route for trade. Because the Tigris and Euphrates rivers run through more than one country, access to the water has led to many political conflicts in recent years. Several countries have built dams along their portion of these rivers, to create lakes for irrigation and to generate hydroelectric power (electricity created using the energy of running water). Each dam cuts down on the amount of water available to the countries further downstream causing conflicts.

13. Water cont. No agriculture or animal herding can take place without access to adequate sources of water. People in this region have used many creative ways to bring water to fields where it is needed, 1. Using water wheels and pumps powered by animals or electricity, 2. Digging wells, 3. Qanats (underground tunnels that bring water from the hills to dry plains), and 4. Building irrigation canals.

14. Water cont. An additional problem comes with irrigation. 1. Irrigated land usually needs chemical fertilizers. 2. Repeated use of fertilizer eventually causes salts to build up in the soil, making it hard to grow anything. Many places in Southwest Asia have been irrigated for many years. As a result, these farming areas no longer produce crops as well as they once did. This condition is called soil pollution.

15. Agenda Message: Agenda Message: After-School tutoring is today from 4-5p. CDA II is Thursday (Govt. and Environmental Issues) & Friday (Economies, Trade, and Trade Barriers). Social Studies Progress Reports go home next Monday, Nov. 3 rd. Standard: Standard: Explain how water pollution & the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation and drinking water. E.Q. Wednesday, October 29, 2014: E.Q. Wednesday, October 29, 2014: How has the use of chemical fertilizers effected water supplies and caused water pollution? Warm Up October 29 th : Warm Up October 29 th : How expensive is desalination? TODAY WE WILL: 1. CDA Review

16. E.Q. Answer for October 29, 2014: A portion of chemical fertilizers gets absorbed into the soil, while some also gets washed away during rains or watering of crops. The fertilizers that are washed away eventually end up in streams and rivers and overtime build up to the point of causing water pollution. Warm Up October 29 th Warm Up October 29 th: Desalination is a very expensive and technical process.

17. Agenda Message: Agenda Message: Special After-School tutoring is being offered today from 4-5p. CDA II (Part-2) is Friday on (Economies, Trade, and Trade Barriers). Social Studies Progress Reports go home next Monday, Nov. 3 rd. Standard: Standard: Explain how water pollution & the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation and drinking water. E.Q. Thursday, October 30, 2014: E.Q. Thursday, October 30, 2014: No E.Q./CDA Testing Warm Up October 30 th : Warm Up October 30 th : No Warm-Up/CDA Testing TODAY WE WILL: 1. CDA Part-1

18. Agenda Message: Agenda Message: CDA II (Part-2) is today. Social Studies Progress Reports go home next Monday, Nov. 3 rd. Standard: Standard: Explain how water pollution & the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation and drinking water. E.Q. Friday, October 31, 2014: E.Q. Friday, October 31, 2014: No E.Q./CDA Testing Warm Up October 31 th : Warm Up October 31 th : No Warm-Up/CDA Testing TODAY WE WILL: 1. CDA Part- 2