1. Eukaryotic mRNA processing
Exon Intron Exon Intron Exon
DNA
Cap
Transcription
Addition of cap and tail
RNA
transcript
with cap
and tail
Introns removed
Tail
Exons spliced together
mRNA
Coding sequence
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Eukaryotic mRNA processing
Alternative splicing
Cap and Tail

2. Alternative Splicing of Exons
Can result in related proteins
This version has all exons included:
mmnvnavyakcvtpdeavtlitsgshlsgmfaaeppallnalakrakr*
These versions have different exons included in the final verison of the protein
mmnvnavyakcvtpdgmfaaeppallnalakrakr*
eavtlitsgshlsgmfaaeppallnalakrakr*

3. Alternative splicing makes it possible for a single gene to code for a number of different variations of a protein. Splicing patterns can be tissue-specific, so that a certain variation of a protein is produced in a specific tissue.

4. Gene Mutations Which is most harmful? Which is least harmful?
Normal gene
mRNA
Base substitution
Base deletion
Missing
Met
Lys
Phe
Gly
Ala
Ser
Leu
His A U G C
Protein
Gene Mutations
Which is most harmful?
Which is least harmful?
What would happen if a base was inserted?