1. Land Biomes Review

2. Tropical Rain Forest

3. Tropical Rain Forest Hot and wet year-round Thin, nutrient-poor soils
Broad-leafed evergreen trees, ferns, vines, orchids and bromeliads
Sloths, monkeys, toucans, ants, beetles, piranhas, boa constrictors and anacondas, jaguars, parrots, parakeets
Canopy and under story present

4. Tropical Rain Forest

5. Tropical Rain Forest

6. Tropical Dry Forest

7. Tropical Dry Forest
Warm year-round, alternating wet and dry season and rich soils that are subject to erosion
Rain is seasonal rather than year-round
Trees drop leaves to conserve water during dry season (deciduous)
Tall, deciduous trees, drought-tolerant orchids, bromeliads and aloes
Tigers, monkeys, elephants, pelicans, snakes and monitor lizards.

8. Tropical Dry Forest

9. Tropical Savanna

10. Tropical Savanna
Receives more rainfall than deserts, but less than tropical dry forests
Covered in grasses with isolated trees and small shrubs
Has compact soils, fairly frequent fires and the action of large animals prevent them from turning into dry forest

11. Tropical Savanna
Warm temperatures, seasonal rainfall, compact soil and frequent fires set by lightning
Tall grasses and drought-tolerant and fire-resistant trees and/or shrubs
Lions, leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, elephants, giraffes, zebras, baboons, termites

12. Tropical Savanna

13. Desert

14. Desert Annual precipitation is less than 25 cm per year!
Deserts vary greatly, depending on elevation and latitude
Extreme temperature changes during the course of a day
Soils rich in minerals but poor in organic material

15. Desert

16. Desert

17. Temperate Grassland

18. Temperate Grassland
Once covered vast areas of the midwestern and central U.S; most have been converted to agricultural fields now
Periodic fires and heavy grazing by large herbivores
Warm to hot summers, cold winters
Moderate, seasonal precipitation
Fertile soils

19. Temperate Grassland
Lush, perennial grasses that are resistant to drought, fire and cold
Coyotes, badgers, antelope, prairie dogs, snakes, ants, grasshoppers, mule deer, rabbits and prairie chickens and historically included wolves, grizzly bears and bison.

20. Temperate Grassland

21. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland

22. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland
Hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters
Thin, nutrient-poor soils and periodic fires
Woody evergreen shrubs with small leather leaves; fragrant, oily herbs that grow during winter and die in summer
Dense, low plants that contain flammable oils makes fires a constant threat

23. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland
Also known as chaparral
Includes coyotes, foxes, bobcats, mountain lions, deer, rabbits, squirrels, hawks, lizards, snakes and butterflies

24. Temperate Woodland and Shrubland

25. Temperate Deciduous Forest

26. Temperate Deciduous Forest
Contains a mixture of deciduous and coniferous forests
Cold winters that halt plant growth for several months
Deciduous trees shed their leaves in fall
Contains a ground layer of mosses and ferns
Soils are rich in humus, a material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter that makes soil fertile.

27. Temperate Deciduous Forest
Cold to moderate winters and warm summers
Year-round precipitation
Fertile soils
Deer, black bears, bobcats, squirrels, raccoons, skunks, songbirds and turkeys

28. Temperate Deciduous Forest

29. Temperate Deciduous Forest

30. Northwestern Coniferous Forest

31. Northwestern Coniferous Forest
Mild, moist air from the Pacific Ocean provides abundant rainfall to this biome.
Conifers (giant redwoods, spruce, fir and hemlock), moss, flowering trees
Also called the “temperate rain forest”
Abundant precipitation during fall, winter and spring.
Relatively cool and dry summer
Rocky, acidic soils
Bears, elk, deer, beavers, owls, bobcats and weasels

32. Northwestern Coniferous Forest

33. Boreal Forest (taiga)

34. Boreal forest (taiga) Dense, evergreen forests of mostly conifers.
Winters are bitterly cold and long, but the summers are mild and long enough to allow the ground to thaw.
Moderate precipitation
High humidity
Acidic, nutrient-poor soils

35. Boreal forest (taiga)
Coniferous trees such as spruce and fir, some deciduous trees and small, berry-bearing shrubs
Lynxes and timber wolves and weasels, small herbivorous mammals, moose and other large herbivores, beavers and migratory birds and songbirds.

36. Boreal Forest (taiga)

37. Tundra

38. Tundra Has a layer of permanently frozen subsoil called permafrost.
Short, cool summers
Cycle of thawing and freezing rips and crushes plant roots, so the plants here are small and stunted
High winds, low precipitation, short and soggy summers and long, cold and dark winters
Poorly developed soils

39. Tundra Mosses, lichens and short grasses
Migratory waterfowl, shore birds, musk ox, arctic foxes, caribou, small rodents
Organisms that live here have to withstand the harsh conditions!

40. Tundra