1. Objective 4.04 Describe innovations in agricultural technology and business practices and assess their impact on the West

2. Barbed Wire End of open plains, invented by Joseph Glidden as inexpensive way to divide the Great Plains

3. Refrigerator Car Made it possible to deliver cattle to other areas of the country without the meat spoiling Gustavus Franklin Swift

4. Windmill Used as power source in the West, helped pump water to irrigate fields

5. Steel Plow Invented by John Deere, also called a “Sod Buster”

6. Vertical Integration Company takes over it’s suppliers, transportation and support systems to gain total control of it’s product

7. Horizontal Integration Company takes over the companies competing in a particular market, creates a monopoly

8. Interlocking Directorates The Board of Directors for one company is the same Board of Directors for another company