1. P ACKET S WITCHING B EST P RACTICES October 30, 2001 K ARL F. R AUSCHER Chair - Focus Group 2, Subcommittee A2 Director – Network Reliability Bell Labs Advanced Technologies, Lucent Technologies Network Reliability and Interoperability Council V

2. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 2 Charter Membership Deliverables Timeline Recommendations / Next Steps Outline

3. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 3 Charter The purpose of the Packet Switching Best Practices Subcommittee is to provide recommendations for the FCC and to the telecommunications industry that, when implemented, will assure optimal reliability of public telecommunications networks. The duties of the Subcommittee will be to gather the data and information necessary to prepare studies, reports, and recommendations for assuring optimal packet switched network reliability within the parameters set forth in the NRIC V Charter. The Subcommittee will also monitor future developments to ensure that network reliability is not at risk. Building on the work of NRIC IV, as appropriate, the Subcommittee will continue to develop best practices recommendations and refine or modify, as appropriate, best practices recommendations. The Subcommittee will evaluate and report on the extent to which telecommunications common carriers and equipment suppliers are using best practices recommendations and applicable ANSI Committee T-1 standards, and identify ways to increase the use of best practices and relevant Committee T-1 standards by telecommunications service providers and equipment suppliers. The Subcommittee’s scope includes packet switching-based wireless network services.

4. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 4 Equipment Suppliers Others Membership: Strong Industry Representation Service Providers and/or Network Operators Service Providers and/or Network Operators AT&T PJ Aduskevicz, Chair 2.B1 Rick Canaday*, Brad Beard BellSouth Marc Schwait, Archie McCain Covad Communications Michael Marchando* Level3 Doug Sicker, S.C. Vice Chair Worldcom Ahmed Patel Qwest Jamal Boudhaouia Rachel Torrence Sprint Danmei Wu SBC Communications Jim Lankford* Arvind Mallya Verizon Wayne Chiles* Alcatel Ken Biholar Cisco Systems Art Reilly* Convedia Galrand Sharratt Juniper Networks Fred Stringer LongBoard Philip Patrick* Lucent Technologies Anil Macwan* Karl Rauscher, CHAIR Nortel Networks Dean Henderson* Marconi Communications Brad Nelson FCC Kent Nilsson, D.F.O. Whitey Thayer* Shanti Gupta Mitretek Systems Michael Caloyannides, Chair 2.B2 Telcordia Technologies Rick Harrison, Chair 2.A1 Gary Hayward* Gary Hayward* Pete Shelus SAIC Hank Kluepfel* USTA Norb Lucash* Memberships include: ASQ, ATM Forum, IEC, IEEE CQR, IPDR, ISC, NIIF, NRSC, NSTAC, QuEST, RQMS Forum, SIP Forum, T1A1, TL9000 (see Slide 15) * Task Group Leaders

5. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 5 Deliverables Network Reliability Best Practice Recommendations for Packet Switched Telecommunications Network Services Refinement / Modification of Existing (Circuit Switching) Best Practices New Best Practices Evaluation of the industry use of Best Practices Recommendations to implement and increase the use of Best Practices Final Report to the Nation on Packet Switching Best Practices Special Reports from Monitoring Developments or Specific Network Outages Progress to Date

6. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 6 Survey Overview Survey conducted in August – September Timeframe Non Disclosure Agreement Confidential - Non Disclosure Agreement with BPI Telcodata Strong Increase Strong Increase in Number of Participants from last NRIC Survey – Companies up 225% – Business units up 375% – Packet-switched business units up from 0 to 19 NRIC IVNRIC V Responses Service ProvidersPacket09 Circuit720 Equipment SuppliersPacket010 Circuit56

7. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 7 Survey Overview Subcommittee Charter shaped the Survey Objectives: a)evaluate and report on the extent to which telecommunications common carriers and equipment suppliers are using Best Practices recommendations, and b)identify ways to increase the use of Best Practices In addition to Implementation, other factors were measured: –Cost of Implementing the Best Practice –Effectiveness of the Best Practice –Risk of Not Implementing the Best Practice Detailed Analysis Report for each Best Practice

8. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 8 Best Practices Words from the First Council “ Not every recommendation will be appropriate for every company in every circumstance, but taken as a whole, the Council expects that these findings and recommendations will sustain and continuously improve network reliability. ” Previous Councils identified Best Practices, already in use by individual companies, for consideration by the rest of the industry. Best Practices are... not requirements or standards

9. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 9 Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Implementation High Level of Implementation of Best Practices Service Providers – Packet Switching 97%  50% of Responders Implementing at least 97% of the Best Practices 66%  90% of Responders Implementing at least 66% of the Best Practices – Circuit Switching 98%  50% of Responders Implementing at least 98% of the Best Practices 56%  90% of Responders Implementing at least 56% of the Best Practices Good

10. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 10 Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Implementation High Level of Implementation of Best Practices Equipment Suppliers – Packet Switching 98%  50% of Responders Implementing at least 98% of the Best Practices 67%  90% of Responders Implementing at least 67% of the Best Practices – Circuit Switching 100%  50% of Responders Implementing 100% of the Best Practices 74%  90% of Responders Implementing at least 74% of the Best Practices Good

11. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 11 Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Effectiveness Service Providers – Packet Switching 99%  50% of Responders Describe at least 99% of Best Practices as Effective – Circuit Switching 100%  50% of Responders Describe 100% of Best Practices as Effective Best Practices Are Effective in Preventing Outages Good

12. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 12 Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Effectiveness Equipment Suppliers – Packet Switching 100%  50% of Responders Describe 100% of Best Practices as Effective – Circuit Switching 100%  50% of Responders Describe 100% of Best Practices as Effective Best Practices Are Effective in Preventing Outages Good

13. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 13 Good Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Cost Service Providers – Packet Switching 87%  50% of Responders Considered 87% of the Best Practices As NOT Having a High Cost to Implement – Circuit Switching 89%  50% of Responders Considered 89% of the Best Practices As NOT Having a High Cost to Implement Most Best Practices are NOT high cost

14. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 14 Good Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Cost Equipment Suppliers – Packet Switching 24%  50% of Responders Considered Only 24% of the Best Practices As Having High Cost to Implement – Circuit Switching 54%  50% of Responders Considered 54% of the Best Practices As Having a High Cost to Implement Most Best Practices are NOT high cost - except for Circuit Switched Equipment Suppliers

15. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 15 Good Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Risk Service Providers – Packet Switching 94%  50% of Responders Considered at least 94% of the Best Practices As Being Risky to Not Implement – Circuit Switching 97%  50% of Responders Considered at least 97% of the Best Practices As Being Risky to Not Implement Best Practices are Valued – Risky when NOT Implemented

16. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 16 Good Summary of Industry Survey Responses: Risk Equipment Suppliers – Packet Switching 96%  50% of Responders Considered at least 96% of the Best Practices As Being Risky to Not Implement – Circuit Switching 98%  50% of Responders Considered at least 98% of the Best Practices As Being Risky to Not Implement Best Practices are Valued – Risky when NOT Implemented

17. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 17 Additional Survey Response Analyses Survey Response Analysis conducted on “Keywords” - Essential Services, Security, Power, Fire, Procedures, etc. Understand the “why’s” for lowest scoring Best Practices (e.g., least implemented) Look for insights from relationships among Implementation, Effectiveness, Cost, and Risk Glean insights into how to promote better implementation of Best Practices

18. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 18 “Monitor Developments” Developments –September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks  New Best Practices being considered – capture learning  Include “Emergency Preparedness” and “Disaster Recovery” for association as keywords  Provide tutorials to various government entities on Best Practices –NRIC V Subcommittees 2.B1 & 2 Voluntary Trial Reports –Network Reliability Steering Committee (NRSC)  Trend in signaling outages  Reports without Best Practices identified –California Energy Crisis – Rolling Commercial Power Blackouts  SBC confirmed that NRIC Power Best Practices are effective in preventing network outages  [DRAFT] NRIC V Power Best Practices available at www.nric.org

19. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 19 Month06121822 March, 2000August, 2000March, 2001August, 2001 January, 2002 PLANNING EXECUTION REPORTING |Charter Clarification| |---Team Assembly---| |---------Develop NewBPs.----------| |-Refine/Modify ExistingBPs.-| |---------------------Coordinate with Other Focus Groups-------------------| |-------------------------------Monitor Developments--------------------------------| Council Meetings Final Report X X X X |--Evaluate the Use of BPs.--| | Increase Use of BPs.--| |--------| planned actual, in progress actual, completed |--------| planned actual, in progress actual, completed Timeline X

20. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 20 Recommendations / Next Steps Final recommendations are being prepared and will be sent to the Council Implement improved access for Best Practices (easier access on Web)

21. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 21 Acknowledgements Subcommittee members and organizations (listed on Slide 4) –time, resources, expertise, concern for the best interests of the industry Kent Nilsson, FCC NRIC V Designated Federal Officer –FACA clarifications, recruiting of security SMEs Doug Sicker, Staci Pies, Level3 / NRIC V Steering Committee Leadership –leadership, coordination, and support

22. NRIC V Focus Group 2.A2 Packet Switching Best Practices Network Reliability 12/17/2015 K. F. Rauscher 22 Represented Organizations ASQ American Society for Quality ATM Forum Asynchronous Transfer Mode Forum IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE CQR IEEE Communications Society Technical Committee on Communications Quality & Reliability IPDR IPDR Internet Protocol Data Record Organization ISC International Softswitch Consortium NIIF ATIS Network Interconnection Interoperability Forum NRSC ATIS Network reliability Steering Committee NSTAC National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee QuEST Quality Excellence for Suppliers of Telecommunications RQMS Forum Telcordia Reliability and Quality Measurements for Telecommunications Systems SIP Forum SIP Forum Session Initiation Protocol Forum T1A1 ATIS Committee T1, Performance & Signal Processing