1. pH notes pH = % Hydrogen

2. Many compounds are soluble (can dissolve) in water. When an ionic compound dissolves in water, ionic bonds are broken. As a result, cations (+) and anions (-) are separated and are free to move. Therefore, the solution can conduct electricity. Many compounds are soluble (can dissolve) in water. When an ionic compound dissolves in water, ionic bonds are broken. As a result, cations (+) and anions (-) are separated and are free to move. Therefore, the solution can conduct electricity.

3. Any substance that releases ions when dissolved is called an electrolyte.

4. Acids An acid is an electrolyte that releases hydrogen ions (H + ) into the solution.

5. Bases A base is an electrolyte that releases hydroxide ions (OH - ) into the solution.

6. pH is the concentration, or the amount of hydrogen ions present. pH is measured by using a pH meter, or by using an indicator such as litmus paper. Blue Litmus paper turns red in the presence of H + ions. Red Litmus paper turns blue in the presence of OH - ions. pH is the concentration, or the amount of hydrogen ions present. pH is measured by using a pH meter, or by using an indicator such as litmus paper. Blue Litmus paper turns red in the presence of H + ions. Red Litmus paper turns blue in the presence of OH - ions.

7. pH Scale 0 7 14 Acid Neutral Base tastes sour tastes bitter feels sticky feels slimy 0 7 14 Acid Neutral Base tastes sour tastes bitter feels sticky feels slimy

8. Neutralization  The reaction between an acid and a base.  The reaction results in H 2 O and a “salt” being formed  The reaction between an acid and a base.  The reaction results in H 2 O and a “salt” being formed