1. Take your Population Lab out for me to check

3. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes, elodea, etc) Forest Community (trees, shrubs, squirrels, birds, deer, etc) Coral Reef Community (coral, sponges, sharks, fish, algae, etc) Habitat Area where community of organisms live. Requires 4 components: Food, water, cover, space Ecosystem Interactions of communities of organisms with each other and their habitat.

4. Increase Population 1) Birth 2) Immigration (entering a population) Decrease Population 3) Death 4) Emigration (leaving a population) See if you can create an equation using these 4 terms for Population Growth, Population Decrease, Population Stability

5. Populations Increase: When Immigration + Births > Death + Emigration Population Remains Stable: When Immigration + Births = Death + Emigration: Populations Decrease: When Immigration + Births < Death + Emigration

6. Anything that prevents the growth of a population What would happen without limiting factors?

8. The maximum population a species can maintain in a certain area without damaging the ecosystem.

10. 29 introduced in 1944 More than 6,000 by 1963 Down to 42 by 1966

15. Territorial Animals need a large amount of space. Loss of Habitat causes the decline of many species. Who took my towel?

16. Loss of trees/wooden posts caused a huge decline Between 1935-1985 numbers declined by 90%

17. Answer- Food, water, cover, and space.

18. Leads to death via dehydration, starvation Some animals will emigrate Organisms that rely on one type of food are severely affected

20. Temperature changes can affect plants and animals Floods and storms can cause death & destruction of habitat

21. Mosquitoes breed in standing water Rainfall creates puddles of standing water

22. Impact of Temperature Rise on Robusta Coffee in Uganda. *Developing countries, whose economies often rely heavily on one or two agricultural products, are especially vulnerable to climate change. *This graphic shows that With an increase of only 2 degrees Celsius, there would be a dramatic decrease in the amount of land suitable for growing Robusta coffee in Uganda.

23. Protection from predators Protection from weather

25. Some organisms prefer edge, because they need the cover and specific species of plants that grow there to feed on… Other species have their habitats Fragmented by roads, fields, farms, etc.

27. Ruffed Grouse- Requires brushy forests for cover and food. Most of Pa’s forest were logged (cut down) 80 to 100 years ago. They grew into brushy forest allowing grouse populations to increase. Forests are now maturing reducing cover and food causing populations to decline. Land development has also reduced populations

29. An increase in the number of predators to an area will impact prey species.

30. Predicted that in one year house cats kill 1 billion songbirds! WATCH THISWATCH THIS

31. Spread quickly through high density populations Can devastate populations with low genetic diversity

32. Mosquito born disease 5,697 crows reported dead in NYS in 1999

33. Fungus that has killed over one million bats 90-100% of some species of hibernating bats are in danger of being killed.

34. Plants that cannot tolerate too much or too little light can be affected

35. Aspen Pine Poplar = intolerant, will dominate young forests Beech, Fir, Hemlock, Maple = tolerant will dominate older forests

36. Close proximity to humans causes some species to emigrate Other species thrive

37. Think of an example where an organism does not have enough limiting factors. What is the organism, how does this affect the habitat around that organism?

38. Limiting factors lead to competition among organisms for available resources A loss in a limiting factor can contribute to a decline in populations Increased due to exotic species

39. Exotic Species

41. Watch this… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b98JmQ0Cc3k&fe ature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b98JmQ0Cc3k&fe ature=related What is the solution? Is there one? Use the debate form I give you with directions to come up with solutions…if there are any…if we need them.