1. Your Name Social Science Applications for Weather Enterprise Research Laura Myers, PhD Center for Advanced Public Safety The University of Alabama Twitter: @drlauramyers Email: laura.myers@ua.edu

2. Service Assessments and Impact Studies April 27 th, 2011 Joplin, MO, 2011 Hurricane Irene, 2011 Derecho, 2012 Superstorm Sandy, 2012 Moore and El Reno tornadoes, 2013 January 2014 snow events in Al and GA Spring 2015 floods

3. Houston, TX May 2015

4. Alabama: April 27, 2011

5. Joplin, Missouri 2011

7. Sandy

8. Outcomes Warning modalities Lead time and impacts/messaging Secondary confirmation Calls to action Impact of uncertain and unique events Complex events Consistency Simplification Visualization/graphics

9. Winter Weather in the South

10. January 2014 Dusting Birmingham, AL

11. IMPACTS

12. January 2014 Dusting Atlanta, GA

13. Understanding the Warning Warning-89% Watch-60% Advisory-41%

14. Why?

15. Above Ground Shelter Moore, OK

16. Sheltering Issues

17. Dear Laura 5 minutes remaining Sincerely, Jimmy and Daphne

18. Calls to Action Risk communication Crisis communication –Tone/seriousness/ message –Impacts –Outlooks/Lead time –Watches and warnings –Calls to action

19. Visual Cues/Secondary Confirmations

20. Informal Communications

21. Availability Bias Draw on similar examples or experiences. Underestimation!!!! Overestimation!!!! 9-11 Effect

22. Prepared!

23. Optimism Bias Always look on the bright side of life. About 80% of us!!!! Only marginally adjust when told it could happen. Fatalities result from optimism bias. Overestimate power of weather technology.

24. Leveraging Cognitive Bias

25. Simplification Make the risk more real.

26. Contact Information Dr. Laura Myers Center for Advanced Public Safety The University of Alabama Email: laura.myers@ua.edu Twitter: @drlauramyers