1. The white blood cells M. Sc. Program 541 CLS Lab-5-

2. The white blood cells (leucocytes ) The white blood cells (leucocytes) may be divided into two broad groups: the phagocytes and immunocytes. The white blood cells (leucocytes) may be divided into two broad groups: the phagocytes and immunocytes. Phagocytes are granulocytes and monocytes. Phagocytes are granulocytes and monocytes. Granulocytes, which include three types of cell-neutrophilis, eosinophils and basophils-together with monocytes. Granulocytes, which include three types of cell-neutrophilis, eosinophils and basophils-together with monocytes.

3. Blood cell types

4. Only mature phagocytic cells and lymphocytes are found in normal peripheral blood. Only mature phagocytic cells and lymphocytes are found in normal peripheral blood. The lymphocytes, their precursor cells and plasma cells, which make up the immunocyte population. The lymphocytes, their precursor cells and plasma cells, which make up the immunocyte population. The function of phagocytes and immunocytes in protecting the body against infection. The function of phagocytes and immunocytes in protecting the body against infection.

5. Neutrophil Has dense nucleus consisting 2-5 lobes. Has dense nucleus consisting 2-5 lobes. Pale cytoplasm containing fine pink-blue granules. Pale cytoplasm containing fine pink-blue granules. The lifespan is only about 10h. The lifespan is only about 10h. Normal range: 40-80% Normal range: 40-80% Higher in number in case of bacterial infection, acute harmorrage, inflammmation and tissue necrosis. Higher in number in case of bacterial infection, acute harmorrage, inflammmation and tissue necrosis.

6. Eosinophil These cells are similar to neutrophils, except that the cytoplasmic granules are coarser and mor deeplly red staining (red-orange granules). Usually have 2 lobes (sunglasses). Normal range:1-6% Normal range:1-6% Eosinophilia found in allergic disease, parasitic disease and drug sensitivity. Eosinophilia found in allergic disease, parasitic disease and drug sensitivity.

7. Basophil These are only occasionally seen in normal peripheral blood. They have dark blue cytoplasmic granules which mask the nucleus and containe heparin and histamine. Basophilia found in chronic myeloid leukaemiaor polycythaemia. Normal range: <1-2% Normal range: <1-2%

8. Monocyte

9. Monocyte Monocytes spend only a short time in the marrow and after circulation for 20- 40h,laeve the blood to enter the tissues (in the tissue the life span is long). Monocytosis: tuberculosis, brucellosis and manily all types of chronic bacterial infections. Normal range: 2-10%

10. lymphocytes Normal range:20-40%. Two types :B and T cells (T cells migrate to the thymus to mature). Lymphocytosis often occures in infants and young childern in eresponse to infections which produce a neutrophil reaction in adults.