2. Labour and the Global Transport Industry

3. Global production has grown faster than global population Global trade has grown faster than global production

4. Global corporations have global supply chains This has become the driving force in transport regulation and transport investment This involves a door-to-door approach

5. “European overland transport is influenced largely by developments in the world economy, that is, globalisation of products, the breaking down of trade barriers, and increasing trends in industry to outsource their logistics operations” Remo Brunschwiler, Executive Vice President of Group Management, Danzas, International Transport Journal June 1, 2001

6. The regulatory environment is increasingly geared to developing a seamless global transport system The agencies promoting change include the World Bank; the OECD, WTO, the European Commission and individual governments

7. Regulatory environment Privatisation Ownership rules Harmonisation Market entry Redefining transport Door to door (intermodal) approach

8. “Improvements in terminal and landside operations are required not only to lower the cost burden of door-to-door transport, but also to make sure that the savings at sea with the post Panamax vessels are not to be lost on land” “shipping lines encounter major obstacles in their attempt to develop an intermodal rail network in continental Europe. As the railway sector is only partly liberalised they have to but capacity off national rail networks”

9. Corporate Response Emphasis on container freight Hub and spoke systems Transnational transport operators (vertical and horizontal concentration) Intermodal and logistics operators (incl. Postal)

10. European Shippers Council Separation of infrastructure and operations Shippers and logistics companies to be able to purchase own train paths Reduce cost of access to infrastructure Competition between rail operators Railway managers to understand needs of the supply chain Seamless international rail services to become a reality

11. “Low wages and long hours may actually be the mortar that holds together the foundations of distribution and trade”

12. Union Response Lobbying international bodies Transnational coordination Cross Sectional Coordination Supply chain strategies (logistics)