1. Cracks, Caves, Arches and Stacks
Coasts
Assessment 1
Cracks, Caves, Arches and Stacks

2. Record the 7 answers on Mini White boards!
Let’s get started…
Big7Quiz
Record the 7 answers on Mini White boards!

3. Waves do three things. Write down the missing keywords .
Waves _____ the coast.
Waves ______ the eroded material.
Waves ______ this material in sheltered areas where they lose their energy.

4. 4. Write down the keyword described below:
Waves force water into cracks under pressure. This helps break up the rock.

5. 5. Write down the keyword described below:
Water dissolves soluble material from the rock.

6. 6. Write down the keyword described below:
Waves fling sand,pebbles and large stones against the rock. This acts as sand paper wearing away the rock.

7. 7. Write down the keyword described below:
Waves knock together the pieces of rock broken off by erosion. These wear down into smaller and smaller pieces.
The rock wears down into shingle (Pebbles) and sand.

8. Answers Waves erode (wear down) the coast.
Waves transport (move) the eroded material.
Waves deposit (drop) this material in sheltered areas where they lose their energy.

9. 4. Hydraulic Action Waves force water into cracks under pressure
4. Hydraulic Action Waves force water into cracks under pressure. This helps break up the rock.
5. Solution Water dissolves soluble material from the rock.
6. ABRAsion Waves fling sand,pebbles and large stones against the rock. This acts as sand paper wearing away the rock
7. ATTrition Waves knock together the pieces of rock broken off by erosion. And smaller pieces. These wear down into smaller.The rock wears down into shingle (Pebbles) and sand.

10. Hydraulic Action Abrasion
Erosion of a headland
Creative thinkers, independent enquirers, self managers…
Describing and Explain how a headland is eroded to form
Cracks
Caves
Arches
Stacks
Stumps
Make sure that you explain and link in weathering!
Make sure you explain how waves erode the headland
Hydraulic Action Abrasion
Attrition Solution

11. Title: Erosion of a headland Caves, Arches, Stacks and stumps
Task: Write an essay to describe and explain how a headland is eroded and weathered to create caves, arches, stack and stumps.
You can include a diagrams to describe the landforms
Explain HOW the processes involved Use the self assessment and peer assessment sheet to ensure you have covered all the ideas!
Use your earlier work and the information on the following slides to help you.
This work will be peer assessed and you will receive a level for it.
For a high level link the processes to show how they all work together to wear the headland!

12. Task
Introduce a headland. Describe the landforms of a headland You could use a labelled diagram! Describe the sequence how they formed. Explain where and how waves erode the cliff. Explain where and how the headland is weathered. Explain how and link all the processes to show that they work together to create the landforms.

14. The video links below will help you visualise these land forms:

15. Remember the diagram you drew?
Remember the Big Picture you worked in teams to create?
Geog 2 describes the process of a headland being eroded as shown below:

16. Erosion of a Headland
Crack
Stack
Arch
Cave
Stump

17. You’ll need to explain ways that waves erode the rocks:
Hydraulic Action Waves force water into cracks under pressure. This helps break up the rock.
Solution Water dissolves soluble material from the rock.
Abrasion Waves fling sand,pebbles and large stones against the rock. This acts as sand paper wearing away the rock
Attrition Waves knock together the pieces of rock broken off by erosion. And smaller pieces. These wear down into smaller. The rock wears down into shingle (Pebbles) and sand.

18. You should also explain how weathering weakens the rocks…
Freeze Thaw
Water trickles into cracks. In icy weather the water freezes and expands as it forms ice. This forces the cracks wider until the rock breaks up.
Chemical
Remember Science?
Water reacts with Carbon dioxide in the air. The water becomes slightly acidic. (Carbonic acid). This dissolves the rock.