1. Section 2 Day 2 Virginia Driver Responsibilities: Preparing to Operate a Vehicle

2. Day 2 Objectives The students will understand the importanceSafety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience DevicesThe students will understand the importance Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices The students will understand the importance of vehicular balanceThe students will understand the importance of vehicular balance The students will explain theThe students will explain the 3 Vehicle Balance Types The students will be able to list and explain the 4 types of steering methods. The students will be able to identify 5 lane positions.The students will be able to identify 5 lane positions. The students will be able to define or explain vehicle operating space.The students will be able to define or explain vehicle operating space. The students will learn standard reference points to determine lane placement, stopping and turning maneuvers.The students will learn standard reference points to determine lane placement, stopping and turning maneuvers. The students will be able to understand why BGE (Blind Spot, Glare Elimination) are important.The students will be able to understand why BGE (Blind Spot, Glare Elimination) are important. Related SOL: DE.2, DE.3, DE.4, DE.5, DE.6, DE.7, DE.15, and DE.18,

3. Bell Ringer Write a half page red to red about the following statement. Worth 10 Points! What was your scariest, saddest or funniest moment in a car? Support your story by using specific reasons and details.

4. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices

5.  Mirrors - Adjustment Inside and Out - Use Blindspot and Glare Elimination method (BGE)  Safety Belts - Keeps the driver firmly behind the steering wheel - Should be positioned under jackets, coats etc.,snug on the hips as possible - Make sure all passengers do the same.

6. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices  Head Restraints - Protecting Against Whiplash injuries - Adjust to a position above the ear level to avoid serious injury  Horn - Generally operated by pressing a button located on the steering wheel cross bar. - Used to show position - Usually marked with the horn symbol to indicate the location.

7. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices  Turn Signals - Located on left side of steering column - The lever is moved up to indicate a right turn and moved down to indicate a left turn. - Always check to make sure signals canceled  Door Locks – Manual / Power / Wireless w/ panic button - Panic button- causes the horn to blow – Child Proof Rear  Hazard Flashers  warn other drivers of a problem  increase their awareness of the presence of your vehicle.  When operated, both front and rear turn signals flash.

8.  Windshield Wipers and Washers - Usually located on the turn signal lever  Headlights / Running Lights – Running daytime lights operate headlights, but without the taillights on. -Usually located on the steering stalk or on the dashboard  Manual / Power Windows - Located on the driver’s left door panel. Safety, Communication, Comfort, & Convenience Devices

9.  Hood Release – Usually located on the left side of the driver’s compartment under the instrument panel. - Another lever under actual hood itself  Trunk Release – Usually located on the left side of the driver on the floor. It may also be located in the glove box as a button.  Heat / Defroster / Air Conditioner Controls - Usually located in a cluster on center instrument panel  Seat Adjustment – Power / Manual Controls - Usually located at the lower front or left side of driver’s seat.

10. Vehicle Balance Considerations

11. Vehicle Balance Vehicle Balance: the distribution of the weight of the vehicle on the tires as they meet the ground A driver uses the feeling of motion consistently to judge acceleration, deceleration, and the loss of traction

12. Requirements for Maintaining Vehicle Balance Precise steering movements Smooth acceleration Controlled braking Body position, –allows the feet, legs, and hands to maintain a stable seat position

13. Controlling Vehicle Balance  3 Vehicle Balance Types: –Roll: vehicle moves side to side –Pitch: vehicle moves forward or backward –Yaw: vehicle moves left or right –Best balance is at rest with no movement or stationary

14. Changing Vehicle Load from Side to Side  Steering Wheel Movements Roll

15. Changing Vehicle Load from Front to Rear  Accelerating Changing Vehicle Load from Rear to Front  Braking Pitch

16. Changing Vehicle Balance from Left to Right (Yaw)  Traction loss to right rear Changing Vehicle Load from Right to Left (Yaw)  Traction loss to left rear Yaw

17. What is this? DROPS Front LIFTS Rear

18. Seating Position Adjust the seat height so that the top of the steering wheel is in line with the top of the shoulders. Proper distance from the steering can be determined by extending the arm straight forward and adjusting the seat until the top of the wheel is in line with the wrist joint.

19. Steering wheel Control

20. Steering Wheel  Always turn steering wheel in direction of desired movement whether moving forward or moving backward.

21. Hand Position  Hand position should be 8 and 4 O’clock  Should be adjusted toward your chest The 8 and 4 position also facilitates keeping both hands on the steering wheel and reduces upper and lower back pain

22. 4 Types of Steering Hand to Hand Steering (Push-Pull- Feed) Allows minor to more involved steering while keeping both hands on the steering wheel Best for maintaining vehicle balance Hand Over Hand Steering Effective when steering movement needs to be made quickly and in limited space.

23. 4 Types of Steering cont… Limited Evasive Steering –Making a quick turn to perform an evasive maneuver which causes a quick shift of weight or center of mass to the left or right of the vehicle One Hand Steering –Only recommended for backing maneuvers

24. Lane Positions 3 1 2 5 4

25. 5 Lane Positions Don’t Write this slide 3 1 2 5 4 Lane positions will allow the driver to make adjustments to potential problems and create more space between the car and problem situations.

26. Lane Position 1 CENTER OF YOUR LANE.CENTER OF YOUR LANE. CAR IS 3 FEET AWAY FROM LINE TO RIGHT OR LEFTCAR IS 3 FEET AWAY FROM LINE TO RIGHT OR LEFT 1

27. Lane Position 2 LEFT SIDE OF YOUR LANE.LEFT SIDE OF YOUR LANE. CAR IS 0-6 INCHES AWAY FROM LINE TO LEFTCAR IS 0-6 INCHES AWAY FROM LINE TO LEFT 2

28. Lane Position 3 RIGHT SIDE OF LANE.RIGHT SIDE OF LANE. CAR IS 0-6 INCHES AWAY FROM EDGE OR EDGE LINE TO THE RIGHTCAR IS 0-6 INCHES AWAY FROM EDGE OR EDGE LINE TO THE RIGHT 3

29. Lane Positions 4 &5 These lane positions require the vehicle to actually straddle the lane line to the left(LP4) or the right(LP5) 5 4

30. Vehicle Operating Space V.O.S. is the pavement area around the vehicle that cannot be seen by the driver.

31. Determining Vehicle Operating Space Placing markers at edge of sightlines Drawing the central space area-true blind spot Don’t write this slide

32. Vehicle Operating Space Standard Reference points will help because V.O.S. to front, side, and rear is so large.

33. Standard Vehicle Reference Points

34. Standard Referencing Points Referencing Points: Provide visual cues to establish vehicle position. Relate part of the vehicle to some part of the roadway. Allow the driver to determine proper placement within a lane. RIGHT Reference Points LEFT Reference Points 6 inches from line or median 3 feet from line or median 6 inches from line or curb 3 feet from line or curb

35. Right Side Limitation Establishing reference points for right side limitation will allow you to: know where the curb or line is on the right side of the street park parallel 3-6 inches away from a line or curb establish lane position 3establish lane position 3 3-6 inches Line of sight Reference point

36. Right Side Limitation

37. Left Side Limitation About one foot from the left front corner of your car (it may be the seam between your left fender and the hood of your vehicle) to the curb. About one foot from the left front corner of your car (it may be the seam between your left fender and the hood of your vehicle) to the curb. 3-6 INCHES Reference Point Line of Sight Reference Point

38. Left Side Limitation

39. Rear Limitation To align the rear bumper three to six inches from a line or curb, you need to stop when the line or curb appears near the middle of the rear right window when looking over the right shoulder. Reference point

40. Rear Limitation

41. Front Limitation Reference Points To stop 3-6 inches from the line in front of your bumper, stop when your line of sight runs under the side view mirror reference point to the line in front of your vehicle.To stop 3-6 inches from the line in front of your bumper, stop when your line of sight runs under the side view mirror reference point to the line in front of your vehicle. Reference Point Line of sight Reference point

42. Front Limitation Reference Points

43. BGE Blind Spot, Glare Elimination

44. Blind Spots Blind spots are dangerous areas which cannot be seen in the mirrors on either or both sides of the vehicle.

45. Rear Mirror View Right Side Mirror View Left Side Mirror View Bad Mirror Settings

46. Rear View Mirror Widest field of view and tells the most important information about traffic to rear Primary mirror

47. Outside Mirrors Field of view is half that of rear view mirror –Reduce size of blind zone, but adds a little to field of view of rear view mirror

48. Setting the Mirrors for BGE Driver side –Place your head against the left side window and adjust the mirror to just see down the car. No Cones When you sit normal….cones

49. Setting the Mirrors for BGE Passenger side –Put your head in the middle of the car and adjust mirror to just see down the car. No Cones When you sit normal….cones

50. BGE Mirror Settings Rear Mirror View Right Side Mirror View Left Side Mirror View 15º

51. Class Work Complete Section 2 handout, Pages 7 – 12 To be turned in at the end of the class,

52. The End!!