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4. Crystallographic Analysis Genetic Analysis Studying Cells Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... > Studying Cells Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology?campaign_content=book_5777_section_50&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_ medium=direct&utm_source=boundless

5. Crystallographic analysis is a comprehensive mutlistep process that involves different molecular disciplines. In the late 1950s the first crystal structure resolved was that of myoglobin. Today, a massive database of protein crystal structures has been developed. Crystallographic analysis is important in understanding the morphology of a protein and facilitates the development of inhibitors and antagonists. Crystallographic Analysis Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/alternative-to-microbiology-principles-and-explorations-8th-jacquelyn-g-black-0470646217- 9780470646212/bacteria-archaea-and-eukaryote-cell-structure-cell-structure-the-plasma-membrane-and-membrane-transport-4/studying-cells- 50/crystallographic-analysis-318- 7644?campaign_content=book_5777_section_50&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source= boundless Insulin crystals View on Boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... > Studying Cells

6. Bacterial cells obey the laws of genetics and the central dogma of life (DNA-RNA- Protein). Genetic analysis of a cell can be achieved using DNA sequencing, polymerase chain reactions, microarray hybridization, and gel electrophoresis. Analysis of microbial mutations and genetic make up help understand mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics. Genetic Analysis Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/alternative-to-microbiology-principles-and-explorations-8th-jacquelyn-g-black-0470646217- 9780470646212/bacteria-archaea-and-eukaryote-cell-structure-cell-structure-the-plasma-membrane-and-membrane-transport-4/studying-cells- 50/genetic-analysis-319- 7643?campaign_content=book_5777_section_50&campaign_term=Microbiology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source= boundless Circular Plasmid DNA View on Boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... > Studying Cells

7. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Appendix

8. Key terms bioinformatics A field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline to analyse biological information using computers and statistical techniques. genome The complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism, typically expressed in the number of basepairs. mutation Any heritable change of the base-pair sequence of genetic material. recombinant protein Manipulated form of protein produced in specialized vehicles known as vectors. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure...

9. Circular Plasmid DNA Plasmid DNA that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia. CC BY-SA http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Plasmid_%2528english%2529.svg/1000px- Plasmid_%2528english%2529.svg.png View on Boundless.comCC BY-SAhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Plasmid_%2528english%2529.svg/1000px- Plasmid_%2528english%2529.svg.pngView on Boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure...

10. Insulin crystals insulin crystals Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia. "Insulincrystals." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insulincrystals.jpg View on Boundless.comCC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insulincrystals.jpgView on Boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure...

11. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... A team of researchers is working on elucidating the structure of a newly identified viral capsid. Which method of crystallography would you recommend? A) Neutron crystallography B) X-ray crystallography C) Protein crystallography D) Electron crystallography

12. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... A team of researchers is working on elucidating the structure of a newly identified viral capsid. Which method of crystallography would you recommend? A) Neutron crystallography B) X-ray crystallography C) Protein crystallography D) Electron crystallography

13. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... If a researcher wanted to begin a DNA cloning project utilizing large DNA fragments, which technique would they most likely use to begin this project? A) Microarray hybridization to analyze whole organism gene expression B) Define which antibiotics the DNA displays resistance too C) Label the DNA with a fluorescent marker D) Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to estimate the DNA size before sequencing

14. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure... If a researcher wanted to begin a DNA cloning project utilizing large DNA fragments, which technique would they most likely use to begin this project? A) Microarray hybridization to analyze whole organism gene expression B) Define which antibiotics the DNA displays resistance too C) Label the DNA with a fluorescent marker D) Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to estimate the DNA size before sequencing

15. Attribution Wiktionary. "genome." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genomeCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genome Wiktionary. "mutation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mutationCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mutation Wikipedia. "Genetic analysis." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_analysisCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_analysis Wikipedia. "Pathogenomics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PathogenomicsCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenomics Wikipedia. "DNA sequencing." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequencingCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequencing Wikipedia. "recombinant protein." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/recombinant%20proteinCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/recombinant%20protein Wikipedia. "X ray crystallography." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_ray_crystallographyCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_ray_crystallography Wikipedia. "Nuclear magnetic resonance." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonanceCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance Wikipedia. "NMR spectroscopy." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMR_spectroscopyCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMR_spectroscopy Wiktionary. "bioinformatics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bioinformaticsCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bioinformatics Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryote Cell Structure...