1. “It is well that war is so terrible… for we should grow too fond of it” --General Robert E. Lee

2. BELLRINGER “What technologies were developed during the Civil War that we still use in some way today?”

3. BELLRINGER: ANSWERS Submarines Aerial recognizance (hot air balloons) Railroads Army ambulance core Naval mines and torpedos

5. Artillery Ironclads Rifled Muskets Telegraph TECHNOLOGY OF THE CIVIL WAR

6. ARTILLERY NAPOLEON CANNONSIEGE MORTAR Fired ball, grapeshot, and canister Used to “soften” up enemy positions Shells ranged from 6 pounds to 300 pounds for siege mortars

7. ANACONDA PLAN Winfield Scott’s strategy Suggested a blockade of all ports and sending gunboats down the Mississippi to divide the Confederacy “Slowly strangle” the South to “death” and surrender

8. IRONCLADS USS MONITORCSS VIRGINIA Wooden ships became obsolete when the CSS Virginia set sail in 1862 The Virginia destroyed two sail-driven wooden warships within hours of being on the water The entire Union fleet was in danger until the Virginia met its match at Hampton Roads, VA where the USS Monitor was waiting. The two ironclads slugged it out for hours — neither could punch through each other’s armor.

9. BLOCKADE RUNNERS In April 1861, Lincoln set up a blockade of all Confederate ports The blockade cut off all trade to the South Until blockade runners – small, fast ships used to smuggle goods at night

11. Notice the impacts from cannon fire upon the Monitor

12. RIFLED MUSKETS Rifling in a musket increased its range to 300 yards Single shot weapons loaded from the muzzle.58 caliber Springfield rifle = Union Enfield rifle = Confederate Rifles fired a lead bullet called a “minie’ ball” which flattened and splintered on contact

13. TELEGRAPH DISPATCHES Morse Code Electronic communication Messages sent over many miles using copper wire Allowed for instant communication with the battlefield Over 15,000 miles of telegraph line Morse-Vail Telegraph Key, 1844-1845

14. Write down which technological development you found the most interesting and why. Please turn in before you leave class. EXIT SLIP