1. National Physical Activity Guidelines
“National Physical Activity Guidelines & Methods of Assessing Physical Activity”

2. Health
Is the metabolic wellbeing as reflected in low risk levels of blood fats, blood pressure as well as general and mental well being

3. Physical Activity (PA)
Movement of large muscles to increase energy expenditure, includes active play, sport, exercise.
              

4. National Physical Activity Guidelines
The guidelines refer to the minimum levels of physical activity required for good health. They are not intended for high level fitness or sports training.
Try to carry out all guidelines and for best results combine an active lifestyle with healthy eating.

5. National Physical Activity Guidelines - Adults
Think of movement as an opportunity, not an inconvenience.
Be active every day in as many ways as you can.
Put together at least 30 minutes of moderate - intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days.
If you can, also enjoy some regular, vigorous exercise for extra health and fitness.

6. National Physical Activity Guidelines - 5 to 12 year olds
Children need at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous - intensity physical activity everyday.
Children should not spend more than 2 hours a day using electronic media for entertainment.

7. National Physical Activity Guidelines - 12 to 18 year olds
Adolescents need at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous - intensity physical activity everyday.
Adolescents should not spend more than 2 hours a day using electronic media for entertainment.
For extra health benefits adolescents should do 20 minutes or more vigorous activity 3 to 4 times a week.

8. National Physical Activity Guidelines - Websites
(Guidelines for Australians)
(Guidelines for Kids)
(Guidelines for Adolescents)
(Guidelines for Adults)

9. PA in Australia
Identified it as a significant public-health issue and wanted to increase cardio vascular (C/V) fitness rather than health

10. METS
METS are a way of measuring how vigorous an activity is (or is not).
One MET represents energy expenditure of 3.5 ml/kg/min in terms of O2 consumption.
More vigorous PA requires more O2 consumption, therefore is listed as a higher MET.

11. MET equivalent values PA Type Defn METS Ex Example Rest 1
Mod Intensity
Slight incease in breathing, HR, sweating.
3.5
walking
Vigorous Int
Exceeding brisk walking like jogging. 6
Jogging, Swimming

12. Domains of PA Occupational PA Leisure Time Household or Gardening
Active
Transport

13. Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Cared (CDHAC)
Any form of movement as an opportunity to improve health.
Walk / cycle instead of drive
Moderate intensity exercise
Combination of short distances ( 10 – 15) mins that add up to 30 mins. 5 days per week.
Vigorous activity that makes you sweat. 3 x per week for 30 mins or more

14. Youth (CHHAC) recommendations
Regular exercise associated with improved c/v fitness, HDL cholesterol, bone health and reduced likelihood of obesity.
Youth ( 13 – 18 )
Frequency ( active everyday )
Intensity ( moderate to vigorous intensity exercise)
Duration ( 60 mins plus per day )
Type ( range of different activities but are weight bearing

15. The Physical Activity Pyramid
Similar to the Healthy Food Pyramid, the Physical Activity Pyramid shows how people need to participate in activities from all levels of the pyramid each week.
See Fig 1.3 in text pg 7.

16. Monitoring of PA levels Australia
Compares activity patterns.
Monitoring by public health bodies.
Identify influences on PA.
Effectiveness of community wide programs.
Systematically observe patterns and trends.
Participation rates in organised sports.

17. Top Ten PA in Victoria.

18. Why are these the top 10 activities?
Can be performed anywhere
Access
Meets age range
Family activities
Cost
Others????

19. Differences b/w Males : Females
Group Discussion to list reasons:

20. PA for Year 8 and 10s Boys participate more than girls.
Participation increases from Year 8 to 10 in vigorous activities.
81% year 8 and 86 % of year 10 sufficiently active.
A lower proportion of boys and girls were active during winter compared to summer.
met intensities.pdf

21. CLASS Study
Type, frequency, intensity & duration assessed via multitude of methods.
Assessed over a period of time that results in improved validity & reliability of results
vichealth newsletter

22. Methods used to monitor physical activity
Self report
Heart rate monitors
Pedometers 
Accelerometer
Direct Observation
Doubly labelled water
See table 1.7 in text.

23. Subjective vs Objective measures of PA
Self report measures
Eg: diaries, self administered recalls, interview-administered recalls, proxy reports.
OBJECTIVE
Direct Observation
Heart rate monitors
Pedometers
Accelerometers
Doubly labelled water
SOPLAY
SOFIT
BEACHES

24. Population Groups
Age – Adult, adolescent, children & older adults or retirees.
Gender
Socio-economic status
Race
Geographic Location 

25. Barriers to participation in PA
Lack of time
Lack of self-motivation
Low self-efficacy
Injury
Lack of self-management skills
Lack of encouragement & support
Poor coaching
Environment