1. Program evaluation determines whether a social intervention is producing an intended result. Cost-effectiveness studies determine the relative cost and effects two or more social interventions. Cost-benefit studies determine whether the results of a social intervention can be justified by its expense.

2. Intervention: One-on-one intervention with first-time mothers to increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.

3. Mean Months Exclusive Breastfeeding Pre- Intervention Mean Months Exclusive Breastfeeding Post- InterventionChange 1.54.0+2.5 Conclusion: The intervention produced the intended result.

4. Intervention 1: One-on-one intervention with first-time mothers to increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Cost = $2,500 Intervention 2: One-on-one intervention plus phone support with first-time mothers to increase the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Cost = $3,200

5. Cost-Effectiveness Cost-Effectiveness Ratio = total cost / effectiveness Intervention 1 costs $2,500 and results in a mean of 4 months of exclusive breastfeeding. $2,500 / 4 = $625 Intervention 2 costs $3,200 and results in a mean of 7 months of exclusive breastfeeding. $3,200 / 7 = $457

6. CostEffect Cost-Effectiveness Ratio Intervention 1$2,5004$625 Intervention 2$3,2007$457 Conclusion: Intervention 2, while more costly, is more cost effective.

7. Can Intervention 2 be justified by its expense?

8. Cost-Benefit Net Benefit = total benefits – total costs Total costs of intervention = $3,200 Total benefits to mother and child = $5,600 Net Benefit = $5,600 - $3,200 = $2,400 Conclusion: Yes, Intervention 2 is justified by its expense

9. Cost-Benefit Benefit-Cost Ratio = total benefits / total costs Total benefits to mother and child = $5,600 Total costs of intervention = $3,200 $5,600 / $3,200 = $1.75 For every dollar spent on Intervention 2, $1.75 will be saved

10. Interventions to support healthy BMI Intervention Unhealthy BMI Pre- Intervention Unhealthy BMI Post- InterventionChangeCostCost-Effectiveness Ratio 123% or.23.16.07$15,000 231% or.31.21.10$32,000 Which intervention is more cost effective?