2. Christianity and Judaism

3. What does religion mean to you? What does religion mean to you? something one believes in and follows devotedly something one believes in and follows devotedly usually has some form of “higher power” usually has some form of “higher power” Why do you think religion causes so many conflicts and wars in the world when it is supposed to promote peace? Why do you think religion causes so many conflicts and wars in the world when it is supposed to promote peace? What religion are you? What religion are you? Why do you practice that religion? Why do you practice that religion?

6. Numbers Christianity: 1.9 billion people Christianity: 1.9 billion people Islam: 1.1 billion Islam: 1.1 billion Hinduism: 800 million Hinduism: 800 million Buddhism: 325 million Buddhism: 325 million Judaism: 13 million Judaism: 13 million

8. Christianity Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ Originated in Palestine in the 1st century AD Originated in Palestine in the 1st century AD Believe that Jesus was the son of God who came and died for people’s sins and then rose so that all people could be saved Believe that Jesus was the son of God who came and died for people’s sins and then rose so that all people could be saved Believe in one God(monotheistic) who created the universe and all things in it Believe in one God(monotheistic) who created the universe and all things in it Christianity originally developed as a part of Judaism Christianity originally developed as a part of Judaism

9. Christian Way of Life Fellowship with God Fellowship with God Our relationships with others Our relationships with others Obedience to God's commands Obedience to God's commands Discipline Discipline

10. Ten Commandments

11. Important Days Ash Wednesday-Lent Ash Wednesday-Lent Palm Sunday Palm Sunday Maundy Thursday Maundy Thursday Good Friday Good Friday Easter Easter Ascension Ascension Pentecost Pentecost Advent Advent Christmas Christmas Epiphany Epiphany

12. Christianity The early Hebrews who eventually developed into the Jewish religion became the foundation of Christianity. The early Hebrews who eventually developed into the Jewish religion became the foundation of Christianity. Jesus, or the Messiah, was a Jewish boy who disagreed with some of the Jewish principles of his day began to profess a new way of thinking. Jesus, or the Messiah, was a Jewish boy who disagreed with some of the Jewish principles of his day began to profess a new way of thinking. This eventually led to the beginning of the Christian religion. This eventually led to the beginning of the Christian religion.

13. Christianity Christianity started about 2000 years ago about the same time of Jesus. Christianity started about 2000 years ago about the same time of Jesus. The central point of Christian belief is that God, the Father, entered into human history as the Son, Jesus of Nazereth, and arose as the Holy Spirit. The central point of Christian belief is that God, the Father, entered into human history as the Son, Jesus of Nazereth, and arose as the Holy Spirit.

14. Christian Philosophy God is the Creator of the universe. There is one God, Who is Three Persons- Father, Son and Holy Spirit. God is the Creator of the universe. There is one God, Who is Three Persons- Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Jesus is both fully man and fully God. He was born of the Virgin Mary Crucified, resurrected from the dead, and ascended to the Father. Jesus is both fully man and fully God. He was born of the Virgin Mary Crucified, resurrected from the dead, and ascended to the Father.

15. Christian Philosophy Sin and Evil are realities in our existence. Sin and Evil are realities in our existence. The Bible is the Holy Book that records God's revelation. The Bible is the Holy Book that records God's revelation. All believers are promised life everlasting. All believers are promised life everlasting. The leader of Christianity was Jesus, and the followers was his 12 disciples. The leader of Christianity was Jesus, and the followers was his 12 disciples.

18. Judaism Is a monotheistic religion Is a monotheistic religion Judaism is the oldest and smallest of the world's five great religions Judaism is the oldest and smallest of the world's five great religions Being a part of a Jewish community and living one's life according to Jewish law and traditions is very important. Being a part of a Jewish community and living one's life according to Jewish law and traditions is very important. The fundamental beliefs of Judaism are: The fundamental beliefs of Judaism are: -There is a single, all-powerful God, who created the universe and everything in it. -God has a special relationship with the Jewish people due to covenant that God made with Moses on Mount Sinai, 3500 years ago.

19. Rambam’s 13 Principles of Faith 1. G-d exists 2. G-d is one and unique 3. G-d is incorporeal 4. G-d is eternal 5. Prayer is to be directed to G-d alone and to no other 6. The words of the prophets are true 7. Moses’ prophecies are true, and Moses was the greatest of the prophets 8. The Written Torah (first 5 books of the Bible) and Oral Torah were given to Moses 9. There will be no other Torah 10. G-d knows the thoughts and deeds of men 11. G-d will reward the good and punish the wicked 12. The Messiah will come 13. The dead will be resurrected

20. 613 Mitzvot Judaism 101: List of the 613 Mitzvot Judaism 101: List of the 613 Mitzvot Judaism 101: List of the 613 Mitzvot Judaism 101: List of the 613 Mitzvot

21. The Jewish place of worship is called a Synagogue The Jewish place of worship is called a Synagogue The religious leader of a Jewish community is called a Rabbi The religious leader of a Jewish community is called a Rabbi Unlike leaders in many other faiths, a rabbi is not a priest and has no special religious status Unlike leaders in many other faiths, a rabbi is not a priest and has no special religious status The Jewish holy day, or Sabbath(Shabbat), starts at sunset on Friday and continues until sunset on Saturday The Jewish holy day, or Sabbath(Shabbat), starts at sunset on Friday and continues until sunset on Saturday During the Sabbath, Jews do not work(drive, cook, etc) During the Sabbath, Jews do not work(drive, cook, etc)

22. 7 Holy Days Rosh Hashanah-Jewish New Year Rosh Hashanah-Jewish New Year Yom Kippur-A day of fasting and praying which occurs 10 days after the first day of Rosh Hashanah. The holiest day in the year Yom Kippur-A day of fasting and praying which occurs 10 days after the first day of Rosh Hashanah. The holiest day in the year Sukkot-8 day festival of thanksgiving Sukkot-8 day festival of thanksgiving Hanukkah-The Feast of Lights is an 8 day Feast of Dedication. It recalls the war fought by the Maccabees in the cause of religious freedom Hanukkah-The Feast of Lights is an 8 day Feast of Dedication. It recalls the war fought by the Maccabees in the cause of religious freedom

23. Purim-The Feast of Lots recalls the defeat by Queen Esther of the plan to slaughter all of the Persian Jews, circa 400 BC Purim-The Feast of Lots recalls the defeat by Queen Esther of the plan to slaughter all of the Persian Jews, circa 400 BC Pesa(Passover)-The 8 day festival recalls the exodus of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt circa 1300 BCE. A holiday meal, the Seder, is held at home Pesa(Passover)-The 8 day festival recalls the exodus of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt circa 1300 BCE. A holiday meal, the Seder, is held at home Shavouth-Pentecost recalls God's revelation of the Torah to the Jewish people Shavouth-Pentecost recalls God's revelation of the Torah to the Jewish people

24. Menorah-It is a symbol of the nation of Israel and a mission to be "a light unto the nations. Menorah-It is a symbol of the nation of Israel and a mission to be "a light unto the nations.

25. A Yarmulke is worn during prayer to shoe respect to G_d A Yarmulke is worn during prayer to shoe respect to G_d

26. The Star of David is the international symbol of Judaism The Star of David is the international symbol of Judaism Flag of Israel has it Flag of Israel has it

27. Kosher Foods Foods are kosher when they meet all criteria that Jewish law applies to food Foods are kosher when they meet all criteria that Jewish law applies to food Characteristics that make a food non- kosher: Characteristics that make a food non- kosher: the mixture of meat and milk the mixture of meat and milk the use of cooking utensils which had previously been used for non-kosher food the use of cooking utensils which had previously been used for non-kosher food The type of animal it is The type of animal it is

28. Leviticus 11:3 says that Jews may eat all animals that have cloven hooves and chew their cud Leviticus 11:3 says that Jews may eat all animals that have cloven hooves and chew their cud Leviticus 11:4 explicitly prohibited the consumption of animals that do not have these characteristics designating them "unclean to you." Leviticus 11:4 explicitly prohibited the consumption of animals that do not have these characteristics designating them "unclean to you." Six mammals are specifically not allowed: Six mammals are specifically not allowed: The camel The camel The hyrax The hyrax The hare The hare The pig The pig Whales and dolphins Whales and dolphins

29. Kosher animals are as follows: Kosher animals are as follows: Cows, goats, sheep, antelope, deer, giraffes, okapis and pronghorns Cows, goats, sheep, antelope, deer, giraffes, okapis and pronghorns Most fish(excluding shellfish, sharks, octupus, eels and squid) Most fish(excluding shellfish, sharks, octupus, eels and squid) Chicken, duck, turkey Chicken, duck, turkey Milk and cheese are kosher but cannot be eaten with meat or mixed with meat. Milk and cheese are kosher but cannot be eaten with meat or mixed with meat. Preparation Preparation the slaughter of animals is designed to minimize the pain— usually done by a slice across the throat the slaughter of animals is designed to minimize the pain— usually done by a slice across the throat this eliminates the practice of hunting for food unless it can be captured alive and ritually slaughtered. this eliminates the practice of hunting for food unless it can be captured alive and ritually slaughtered. All blood and veins must be removed from meat(salting and broiling are common methods) All blood and veins must be removed from meat(salting and broiling are common methods)

30. Judaism JUDAISM is a religion of just one people: the Jews. JUDAISM is a religion of just one people: the Jews. JUDAISM was the first to teach belief in only one God. Two other important religions developed from Judaism: Christianity and Islam. JUDAISM was the first to teach belief in only one God. Two other important religions developed from Judaism: Christianity and Islam.

31. Judaism Jews think that God will send a Messiah (a deliverer) to unite them and lead them in His way. Jews think that God will send a Messiah (a deliverer) to unite them and lead them in His way. Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah. The Jewish people do not agree; they anticipate His arrival in the future. Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah. The Jewish people do not agree; they anticipate His arrival in the future. Judaism teaches that death is not the end and that there is a world to come. Judaism teaches that death is not the end and that there is a world to come.

32. Judaism The "Torah," the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, is the most important Jewish scripture. The "Torah," the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, is the most important Jewish scripture. It contains the basic laws of Judaism. It contains the basic laws of Judaism. Another important book is the "Talmud," serving primarily as a guide to the civil and religious laws of Judaism. Another important book is the "Talmud," serving primarily as a guide to the civil and religious laws of Judaism.

33. Judaism The Jewish house of worship is called a synagogue. The Jewish house of worship is called a synagogue. Rabbis (spiritual leaders) conduct services, act as interpreters of Jewish laws, and deliver sermons. Rabbis (spiritual leaders) conduct services, act as interpreters of Jewish laws, and deliver sermons. Today there are over 18 million followers of Judaism scattered throughout the world. A large number of those people live in the Jewish nation of Israel. Over six million live in the United States. Today there are over 18 million followers of Judaism scattered throughout the world. A large number of those people live in the Jewish nation of Israel. Over six million live in the United States.

34. Jewish Philosophy God is one and unique God is one and unique God is the creator God is the creator God is transcendent God is transcendent God is immanent. God is immanent. God is lawgiver God is lawgiver God is personal God is personal We have the obligation to worship We have the obligation to worship The Torah is God's law The Torah is God's law God is judge God is judge The Messiah will come. The Messiah will come.