1. cdma2000 ® Core Network Betsy Kidwell Chair, 3GPP2 TSG-X Lucent Technologies ekidwell@lucent.com cdma2000 ® India Workshop Hosted by 3GPP2 and CDG New Delhi, India February 23, 2005

2. 1 Presentation Overview Network Evolution Drivers –End User Needs –Operator/Vendor Needs Network Evolution Goals –IP Core Network –Worldwide Roaming –Enhanced Security Meeting the Goals –Harmonization –CDMA/GSM Roaming –Multi Media Domain –Services Conclusion

3. February 23, 2005 2 Network Evolution Drivers End User Needs –Voice Services –High Speed Data –Easy Operation –Low Cost/High Quality –Bandwidth as appropriate –Worldwide roaming –Small/Multifunction device –Security –Rapid Deployment of New Features –Wireline replacement

4. February 23, 2005 3 Network Evolution Drivers Operator Needs –Worldwide access for their customers – via roaming or home network –Integrated services from multiple access technologies –Device management to enable new services –New entertainment and information services –Support for regulatory requirements –Flexible billing and collection –Protection against theft of service –Fast Time to Market –Profitable business/Low cost of operation

5. February 23, 2005 4 Network Evolution Goals IP Core Network –Voice and data services VoIP High speed data transfer Internet access –Ease of service introduction –Lower maintenance and training costs –Standard protocols and services –Cross-technology interoperability –Scalability

6. February 23, 2005 5 Network Evolution Goals Worldwide Roaming –CDMA/GSM circuit and packet roaming –IP cdma2000 ®1 /UMTS roaming –Cross-technology roaming (wireless/WLAN) –Backwards compatible with legacy network (TIA-41, LMSD, 2G Networks) –Unifying our global customer community 1 cdma2000® is the trademark for the technical nomenclature for certain specifications and standards of the Organizational Partners (OPs) of 3GPP2. Geographically (and as of the date of publication), cdma2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA ‑ USA) in the United States.”

7. February 23, 2005 6 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization Harmonization Efforts with 3GPP –Decided to harmonize IP Core Network in April 2002 –Core network now virtually identical –X.S0013-0 v1.0 aligned with 3GPP Release 5 –X.S0013-A v1.0 will align with 3GPP Release 6 –Harmonization applies to services as well as core network Multi Media Messaging Service Push to Talk Presence Etc.

8. February 23, 2005 7 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization 3GPP3GPP2

9. February 23, 2005 8 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization 3GPP2 Allows IPv4 Allows home P-CSCF address on MS (e.g. SIP URI, IP address) or use DHCP Allows PDSN and P-CSCF to be located in different networks (e.g., PDSN in visited network, P-CSCF in home network) Smart cards (UIM) optional Allows HTTP digest authentication Migrating to 56bit MEID Other minor differences… 3GPP Mandates IPv6 Special GPRS Procedure or use DHC Requires GGSN and P-CSCF to be in the same network Smart cards (SIM) required Uses 56bit IMEI 3GPP2/3GPP Differences

10. February 23, 2005 9 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization Harmonization Efforts with IETF –Why Leveraging Internet products Easy to interwork with Internet services Flexible service creation –How Close coordination with IETF on ID/RFC development –3GPP2/IETF Liaison –IETF Dependency List –Members actively participate in IETF Use of SIP, RADIUS, DIAMETER, IPv4, IPv6

11. February 23, 2005 10 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization Harmonization Efforts with OMA –General Working Procedure OMA develops access independent applications 3GPP2 develops core network on which those applications may run –Ongoing coordination on MMS BCMCS Presence Push to Talk IP based Location Services Charging

12. February 23, 2005 11 Meeting the Goals - Harmonization Harmonization Efforts with ITU-T – –Next Generation Network Wireless/Wireline convergence IP Transport and Services

13. February 23, 2005 12 Meeting the Goals – CDMA/GSM Roaming CDMA/GSM Roaming –Approved X.S0023-0 v1.0, Network Interworking between GSM MAP and TIA-41Networking, for publication in June 2004 One way and two way circuit switch based service roaming SIM based operations –Approved X.S0003-0 v1.0, TIA/EIA-41-D Network Enhancements to Support CDMA SIM Roaming to GSM, for publication in January 2005 TIA-41 specific enhancements for one way and two way roaming –X.P0034-0 v1.0, CDMA/GPRS Data Roaming, planned for publication June 2005 Enhances current roaming capabilities to include packet data as well as circuit switch based service

14. February 23, 2005 13 Meeting the Goals - MMD Evolution path to MMD –Legacy MS Domain Support provides a step by step evolution path from existing circuit networks to All IP networks LMSD Step 1 (X.S0012-0 v2.0) published March 2004 LMSD Step 2 (X.P0025-0 v1.0) planned for publication May 2005 MMD Release A (X.P0013-A v1.0) provides support for circuit/packet handoff with LMSD

15. February 23, 2005 14 Meeting the Goals - MMD MMD – –X.S0013-0 v1.0 published February 2005 provides basic MMD architecture and multimedia call functions – –X.P0013-0 v2.0, planned for publication April 2005, incorporates CRs approved in 3GPP for Release 5 – –X.P0013-A v1.0, planned for publication July 2005, provides Interworking with Internet and PSTN Multiple Access Technologies (e.g., WLAN, 3GPP) Conferencing Mobile access to service data management Service Based Bearer Control – –X.P0013-A v2.0, planned for publication October 2005, incorporates CRs approved in 3GPP for Release 6

16. February 23, 2005 15 Meeting the Goals - Services Presence –Determination of a user’s accessibility by other users and applications –X.S0027-0 v1.0 parts 000 and 001, published October 2004, provides Presence Architecture 3GPP/3GPP2/OMA focused on SIP/SIMPLE for Presence SIP Subscribe/Notify Watcher subscribes to presence events –X.P0027-0 v2.0 parts 000, 002, 003, 004, planned for publication April 2005, provides Presence Security Presence Service in MMD Network Presence

17. February 23, 2005 16 Meeting the Goals - Services Broadcast/Multicast Service (BCMCS) –Simultaneous communication with multiple parties –X.P0022-0 v1.0, planned for publication ?????, provides Support for both 3G1X and HRPD systems Efficient use of radio resources when transmitting to multiple end users Operator has control over: –Which programs are delivered to which part(s) of the network –Billing of user/content provider –Encryption of IP flows –Service offerings »Pay per view movies »Sporting events »Streaming data (e.g., stock values, traffic)

18. February 23, 2005 17 Meeting the Goals - Services BCMCS (continued) –End user Needs a BCMCS capable device Subscription for/ad hoc access to BCMCS service Selects BCMCS programming (may be menu driven from device) Receives BCMCS programming Receives billing for BCMCS services Review and Support for OMA Digital Rights Management

19. February 23, 2005 18 Meeting the Goals - Services Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) –X.S0016-0 v1.0 (parts 000, 200, 310, 311, 340, 370) published May 2003 Recently withdrawn pending resolution of OMA IPR issues –Aligned with 3GPP Release 5 MMS –Supports Stage 3’s using OMA-WAP Inter-carrier Interworking VASP Interworking

20. February 23, 2005 19 Meeting the Goals - Services WLAN Interworking – –Enable partnering between cdma2000 systems and WLAN systems – –Uniform handling of: WLAN owned by the cdma2000 operator WLAN owned by a partner cdma2000 operator WLAN owed by a standalone Wireless-ISP – –Interworking via RADIUS/AAA enables inter-system authentication, authorization, and accounting Ultimately accounting records are the basis for financial settlement Single set of credentials for access to both cdma2000 and WLAN packet data

21. February 23, 2005 20 Meeting the Goals - Services WLAN Interworking (cont.) – –Services Internet access from WLAN Access to cdma2000 operator-hosted services (e.g., IMS) from WLAN Session handoff from cdma2000 link to WLAN and vice-versa – –Security Same security as wireline Same security parameters as wireline Avoids need for additional security process when roaming

22. February 23, 2005 21 Meeting the Goals - Services MMD Security Architecture –Several Layers of Security Access Network Packet Data Network Mobile IP (if used) MMD Security Association MS to P-CSCF (TLS, Digest, IPSec) End-to-end Security (optional, not specified) –MMD Security also includes network interfaces (CSCF-AAA)

23. February 23, 2005 22 Meeting the Goals - Services Push to Talk (PTT) –Several vendors have PTT solutions over cdma2000 1x networks Ericsson, HP/Togabi (PocketCHAT), Huawei, Kodiak (RTX), Motorola, Qualcomm (QCHAT), ZTE (Gota) –S.P0010-0 v1.0, PoC System Requirements, is planned for publication in 3GPP2 –Additional PoC specification development in 3GPP2 will leverage MMD work –Push to Talk over Cellular (PoC) being addressed in OMA With 3GPP2 review and comment

24. February 23, 2005 23 Conclusion Benefits of 3GPP2 Specifications –Evolution path from circuit (TIA-41) networks to IP networks –Standard service offerings –Interoperability with other networks (e.g., GSM/UMTS, WLAN) –Economy of scale with common platforms and protocols –Support for inter-technology roaming (allows worldwide roaming) –Scalability –Excellent solution for Wireless Local Loop! –Opportunity for increased revenue

25. February 23, 2005 24 ACRONYMS 3GPP/2: 3rd Generation Partnership Project/2 AAA: Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting AKA: Authentication and Key Agreement AMR: Adaptive Multi-Rate AS: Application Server BCMCS: Broadcast Multicast Service BGCF: Breakout Gateway Control Function BSC: Base Station Controller BTS: Base Transceiver Subsystem CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access CS: Circuit Switched CSCF: Call/Session Control Function GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node GSM: Global System Mobile GSN: GPRS Support Node GPRS: General Packet Radio Service HSS: Home Subscriber Server I-CSCF: Interrogating CSCF IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem IM: Instant Messaging IP: Internet Protocol MAP: Mobile Application Part MGCF: Media Gateway Control Function MGW: Media Gateway MMD: IP Multi-Media Domain MMS: Multimedia Messaging Service MRF: Multimedia Resource Function MS: Mobile Station MSC: Mobile Switching Center OMA: Open Mobile Alliance PCF: Packet Control Function P-CSCF: Proxy CSCF PDSN: Packet Data Serving Node PoC: Push-to-Talk over Cellular PS: Packet Switched PTT: Push-to-Talk QoS: Quality of Service RAN: Radio Access Network RLP: Radio Link Protocol RTP: Real-time Transmission Protocol S-CSCF: Serving CSCF SDP: Session Description Protocol SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node SIP: Session Initiation Protocol UE: User Equipment UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System WCDMA: Wideband CDMA