1. Introduction to Foundation Engineering
By:
Alka Shah
Civil Engineering Department
Institute of Technology
Nirma University

2. Hiding world of Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical Eng. Structures…
Buried right Under your Feet…!!

3. Terzaghi says:
(Father of Soil Mechanics)
Unfortunately, soils are made by nature and not by
man, and the products of nature are always complex…
Natural soil is never uniform…
Karl Terzaghi
( )

5. Teaching Scheme Exam Weightage Exam Hours CE LPW SEE 0.40 0.20 3
Lectures/week : 3
Practical/week 2
Credit 4

6. Syllabus
Soil Investigations: Methods of exploration, exploratory borings, sampling methods, disturbed and undisturbed samples, penetration tests, miscellaneous methods of exploration, record of field exploration and laboratory tests, soil investigation reports, testing in rocky strata, plate load test.
Types of Foundation : Shallow foundation ‐ isolated footing, combined footing, strap footing, strip footing, raft foundation, Deep foundation ‐ well foundation, pile foundation, floating foundations; factors affecting choice of foundation, Design of Foundation : Design of shallow foundation ‐ isolated, combined, raft foundation and deep foundation pile and well foundation, foundation subjected to lateral loads
Bearing Capacity of Foundation: Bearing capacity of shallow and deep foundations based on shear and settlement criteria, bearing capacity in sandy and clayey strata, factors affecting soil bearing capacity, bearing capacity from penetration tests, bearing capacity of rock.

7. Consolidation of soils: Consolidation, compressibility of soils, settlement analysis, Terzaghi’s one dimensional consolidation theory, settlement characteristics of clay & its evaluation.
Settlement of Foundation: Causes of settlement, settlement on sandy strata, clayey strata, layered soil, factors affecting settlement, control of settlement.
Earth Pressure and Retaining Structures : Active and passive earth pressure due to cohesive soil, noncohesive soil, submerged soil, level and inclined backfill, Rankine’s theory, Coulomb’s theory, pressure calculations for retaining walls, design of sheet piling.
Stability of Slopes: Stability of slope in cohesive and noncohesive soils, factor of safety, methods for analysis of stability of slopes.
Ground Improvement Techniques : Drainage, dewatering , grouting, compaction, stabilization of soils, Lime and Cement stabilization, use of Geosynthetics, vibroflotation, sand pile, reinforced earth structure, rock anchors etc.
Introduction to Machine foundation
Introduction to advances in Geotechnical engineering

8. List of Reference books
Coduto D.P., Foundation design; principles and practices, Pearson Publication
Bowles J.W., Foundation Analysis and Design, Tata Mc-Graw Hiill
Braja M Das, Principles of Foundation Engineering, C.B.S Publishers
Arora K.R., Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engg, Standard Publication
Murthy V.N.S., Advanced Foundation Engineering, Global Engineering
Gulhati S.K. and Datta M., Geotechnical Engineering, Tata Mc-Graw Hiill
Khan I.N., Text book of Geotechnical Engineering, PHI Learning

9. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs):
To prepare graduates in Civil Engineering for successful careers dealing with analysis, design and management of infrastructural projects both in India and Abroad. It must alsonhelp them to develop an intelligent understanding of the theoretical bases of various codal provisions in design, construction and maintenance.
To provide the students with a comprehensive and balanced understanding of the several branches of Civil Engineering such as Structural Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Environmental Engineering and Engineering breadth to create novel products and solutions for the real-life problems.
To provide opportunities to students to work in interdisciplinary projects across the various branches of Civil Engineering.
To provide students with a sound foundation in mathematical and scientific subjects which are necessary prerequisites for a clear and sound understanding of Civil Engineering as a whole and to encourage those students who are motivated to go for Postgraduate programmes in the branch of their interest. Those wishing to enter services through competitive examination should also be encouraged.
To create an understanding among the student body the values of life-long learning and to inculcate in them professional ethics, moral values and social concern.

10. Programme Outcomes: (POs)
a) Graduates will demonstrate a sound knowledge of basic mathematics and sciences as
building blocks of the Civil Engineering discipline.
b) Graduates will demonstrate ability to conduct tests, interpret the results and report them
in a professional format.
c) Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design Civil Engineering systems following
specifications and meeting individual requirements.
d) Graduates will demonstrate their ability as productive members of interdisciplinary
design teams.
e) Graduates will have the ability to identify problems and find solutions for them in the
most cost-effective manner.

11. f) Graduates will display an understanding of their professional responsibilities meeting ethical standards.
g) Graduates will be able to communicate in both verbal and written forms and make
effective presentations.
h) Graduates will have the confidence to apply engineering solutions, addressing social concerns.
i) Graduates will be capable of self-education and clearly understand the value of life-long learning.
j) Graduates will demonstrate an understanding of the impact of Civil Engineering of
society in enhancing the quality of life of the people.
k) Graduates will be familiar with modern Civil Engineering professional software tools and demonstrate their ability in applying them for the solution of design situations they face.

12. Expected Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
After successful completion of the course, student will be able to
Investigate various types of soils through exploration methods and to compute bearing capacity
Identify, assess, recommend and design deep and shallow foundation
Calculate factor of safety for stability of slope and ground improvement techniques

13. Mapping of Course Learning Outcomes with Programme Outcomes
PO1
PO2
PO3
PO4
PO5
PO6
PO7
PO8
PO9
PO10
CLO1 S P -
CLO2 W
CLO3
S : Strong (60% - 80%), M : Moderate (40% - 60%) , P : Partial (20% - 40%)

14. Mapping of Course with Programme Outcomes
Course Name
PO1
PO2
PO3
PO4
PO5
PO6
PO7
PO8
PO9
PO10
Foundation
Engineering S W -
S : Strong (60% - 80%), P : Partial (40% - 60%) , W : Weak (20% - 40%)

15. Syllabus Covered by Prof. Alka Shah
Earth pressure
Bearing Capacity
Design of Foundation
Pile Foundation
Ground Improvement Technique
use of Geosynthetics
Soil Dynamics
Geophysical methods
Introduction to Machine foundation
Introduction to soil structure Interaction

16. REVISION

17. Soil index properties
Consistency limits
Permeability
Compaction
Shear strength