1. Tiktaalik Tiktaalik Discovered in 2004 on Ellesmere Island, Canada.
Fossil dated to million years ago

2. Archaeopteryx
Fossil dated to 150 Million years ago

3. Nostrils
Source: evolution.berkeley.edu

5. “Fossil” beta globin
Scientists have discovered that The Antarctic Ice Fish (Chaenocephalus aceratus) does not have any red blood cells. Instead of transporting oxygen through their blood, they absorb oxygen from the water through their skin and large gills.
Looks like a broken down beta globin gene
Ice fish genome
It is discovered that the ice fish genome contains a segment that looks like the beta globin gene found in closely-related fish, but is not functional.

6. Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2 Looks like a centromere
centromeres
Chimp chromosomes 2q and 2p
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. All other ape species have 24 pairs.

7. Vestigial parts
Humans have much smaller appendices than herbivorous animals.
In herbivorous animals, but not in humans, the appendix serves to aid digestion of plant material.
It is still unclear what function, if any, the appendix serves in humans.
Humans have a small immobile tail made up of four fused vertebrae.
In other primates, these vertebrae are not fused and allow the tail to move, aiding in balance and mobility.

9. Guppy experiment #1
Initial observations: Scientists observe that male guppies that stand out from their surroundings attract more females
evolution.berkeley.edu

10. Guppy experiment #2
evolution.berkeley.edu

11. Staphylococcus aureus
Bacteria commonly found on mucous membranes and skin
Can cause infections (Staph infections)
Penicillin introduced as antibiotic in 1940
very effective against Staph in the early 1940’s
95% of staph strains now resistant to penicillin
Many strains are now resistant to multiple antibiotics: penicillin, methicillin, tetracycline
MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

13. Nested traits Nucleus Chloroplast Seeds Nervous system Jaws Placenta
Feathers
Bacteria
Algae X
Corn
Palm Tree
Jellyfish
Starfish
Human
Cow
Crocodile
Robin
Cardinal

14. Comparing DNA ATGGTGCATCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACTGCCCTGTGG
Species
Partial sequence of beta globin gene
Human
ATGGTGCATCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACTGCCCTGTGG
Macaque
ATGGTGCATCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGAATGCCGTCACCACCCTGTGG
Mouse
ATGGTGCACCTGACTGATGCTGAGAAGGCTGCTGTCTCTGGCCTGTGG
Rat
ATGGTGCACCTGACTGATGCTGAGAAGGCTGCTGTTAATGGCCTGTGG
Dog
ATGGTGCATCTGACTGCTGAAGAGAAGAGTCTTATCTCCAGCATGTGG