1. Warm-up: Monday What is your opinion about the test we took on Friday?

2. Warm-up: Tuesday Go through the list of physical geography terms. Highlight or circle the ones you don’t know!

3. Water Resources

4. As precipitation falls on the land, it flows down mountains and hills. Headwaters—the first and smallest streams Headwaters join to form river Any smaller stream or river that flows into the larger stream or river is a tributary

5. Where do we get our water in San Antonio? A.Gulf of Mexico B.Medina Lake C.San Antonio River D.Edward’s Aquifer

6. Aquifer – rock layers where groundwater is plentiful Edward’s Aquifer

8. How can humans prevent flooding? San Antonio, Texas "One of the most flood- prone regions in North America"

9. How can human activity make floods worse? Impervious cover – development that prevents rain from soaking into the ground

10. One way to decrease storm water run-off: Green Roofs (aka “living roofs”)

11. Soil Resources Who cares about dirt?

12. Why is soil important? Producing the world’s food depends on soil.

13. Today more than 7 billion people rely on food grown on just 11% of the global land surface. By 2030, when today’s toddlers have toddlers of their own, 8.3 billion people will walk the Earth. Farmers will have to grow 30% more grain.

14. arable: land that is fit for growing crops irrigation: water artificially supplied to the land

15. What can happen if a place does not have arable land? Caption: Syria’s “dead cities” perished centuries ago, in part because forests were cut and replaced by olive groves, says soil scientist John Ryan. Rain- driven erosion followed. “If there’s no soil to absorb rain, springs don’t flow, “ Ryan says. “You need soil and water to sustain people.”

16. A toxic white crust runs through irrigated fields in Grand Valley, Colorado: Moisture evaporating from the soil has drawn underground salt to the surface. To keep the salt from damaging the roots of their crops, farmers must add even more water.

17. What can happen to soil? soil exhaustion Loss of nutrients soil salinization Salt build-up in the soil = destructive to crops Say this five times fast: soil salinization salt in the soil

18. erosion Movement of surface material from one location to another by water, wind, and ice

19. Deforestation – destruction or loss of forests Reforestation – replanting a deforested area

20. Why is deforestation happening? A.People logging for wood. B.People cutting the wood for fuel. C.People clearing the land for farms and ranches. D.All of the above.

21. National Geographic article: “Dirt Poor”

22. Where is Haiti? A.A B.B C.C D.D

23. Caption: As a substitute for unaffordable imported food, some desperate Haitians turn to cakes made of clay, salt, and shortening – a traditional dietary supplement for pregnant women. Yolen Jeunky collects a batch to sell to Port-au-Prince.

24. What are these pictures showing you? A.erosion B.deforestation C.irrigation

25. Contour Plowing Plowing fields across a hill, rather than up and down the hill A late-summer patchwork of trees, mowed hay fields, and standing corn follows the contours of Wisconsin’s Coon Creek watershed. Once ravaged by erosion, its farms and streams became a national showcase for soil conservation strategies in 1933.

26. Terrace farming growing crops on sides of hills or mountains by planting on graduated terraces built into the slope. Used to maximize arable land area and to reduce soil erosion and water loss.

27. What is this picture showing you? A.reforestation B.contour plowing C.deforestation D.erosion

28. What method is being used to stop erosion?