1. Public Administration and the Management of Human Resources Week 7

2. Public Sector Employment Total public sector employment, Second Quarter, 2011: 3 647 000 http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily- quotidien/110829/dq110829a-eng.htm This total includes federal, provincial and municipal employees, the health, social services and education sectors and Crown corporations (govt business enterprises) at all three levels.

3. Federal Civil Service In 1999, after the restraint imposed by the Chrétien govt, the federal public service (the core public administration) was reduced to 186 314 (Inwood, 2012: 260). As of 2010, there were 283 000 federal public servants. “The [federal] PS currently comprises 0.83% of the Canadian population, below the ratios from the 1980s and early 1990s, which were very close to 1%.” Canada. Privy Council Office. 2011. Eighteen Annual Report to the Prime Minister on the Public Service of Canada. Ottawa: Queen’s Printer.Eighteen Annual Report to the Prime Minister on the Public Service of Canada

4. Professionalization of the Canadian Public Service Civil Service Acts of 1908 and 1918 Creation of Civil Service Commission in 1908 and the extension of its authority in 1918

5. Canada’s “golden age of public administration” The influence of the “mandarins” from the Great Depression to the post-war period.

6. Building a More Representative Bureaucracy “until 1955, there was a prohibition against married women even being employed in the public service” (Inwood, 2012: 283). Official Languages Act, 1969 Canadian Human Rights Act, 1977 Employment Equity Act, 1986 [revised in 1995]

7. “The Shadow Public Sector”