1. LARP Magnets FNAL contribution to LARP (LHC Accelerator Research Program) FNAL core-program support to LARP DOE Annual Program Review - May 16-18, 2006 Giorgio Ambrosio for the High Field Magnet group

2. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 2 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 SC Magnet R&D at Fermilab Fermilab has a long (~30 years) and successful history of SC accelerator magnet R&D –Tevatron, Low Beta Quads, SSC dipoles, VLHC superferric transmission-line, LHC IR Quads, HFM dipoles This is because SC magnets are an enabling technology for high energy accelerators “The tremendous accomplishments of these last two years confirm the broad strength of the group” “In many areas basic elements of the Fermilab program, such as tests of material, establishment of fabrication processes, design and fabrication of tooling and fixtures, are essential to LARP success” Jan 06 - High Field Magnet review (L. Rossi, chair)

3. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 3 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 LARP 2009 Milestone The LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) has a very challenging milestone at the end of 2009 “Demonstrate that Nb 3 Sn magnets are a viable choice for an LHC IR upgrade” 1.  Technological Quadrupoles (TQ) for performance reproducibility 1 m long, 90 mm aperture, G nom > 200 T/m, B coil > 12 T  Long Racetracks and quadrupoles (LQ) addressing long magnet issues LQs have same features of TQs 4 m long  High gradient quadrupoles (HQ) to explore performance limits 1 m long, 90 mm aperture, G nom > 250 T/m, B coil > 15 T Milestone set in agreement with CERN

4. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 4 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 LARP 2009 Milestone The LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) has a very challenging milestone at the end of 2009 “Demonstrate that Nb 3 Sn magnets are a viable choice for an LHC IR upgrade” 1.  Technological Quadrupoles (TQ) for performance reproducibility 1 m long, 90 mm aperture, G nom > 200 T/m, B coil > 12 T  Long Racetracks and quadrupoles (LQ) addressing long magnet issues LQs have same features of TQs 4 m long  High gradient quadrupoles (HQ) to explore performance limits 1 m long, 90 mm aperture, G nom > 250 T/m, B coil > 15 T Milestone set in agreement with CERN FNAL: Host lab for TQCs FNAL: TQS coil winding & curing FNAL: L2 coordination FNAL: Design Study L2 coordination FNAL: Host lab for LQs FNAL: Design Study task leader FNAL: Contribution to all WGs Strand study task leader Magnet test coordination leader Only lab for 1.9K magnet test

5. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 5 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 Technological Quadrupoles Two mechanical designs are under development Same coils / Aperture = 90 mm / Gradient > 200 T/m @ 4.2K 2 layers Filler Keys 4 pads Bladder Yoke Aluminum shell TQC: using collars Collar laminations from LHC-IR quads 1 st time applied to Nb 3 Sn coils TQS: using Al-shell Pre-loaded by bladders and keys 1 st time applied to shell-type coils

6. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 6 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 TQ Coil Fabrication TQ coil fabrication technology is based on FNAL techn. Water Jet Machined Part Ceramic binder for insulation, water-jet technology for end-parts, reaction procedure with azimuthal and pole gaps, segmented tooling with “gentle-transfer” procedure, splice design and procedure All coils for the 1 st magnet series have been wound and cured at FNAL, reacted and impregnated at LBNL

7. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 7 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 TQC Design and Analysis FNAL has developed TQC design, and performed 2D and 3D magnetic and mechanical analysis Coil stress < 150 MPa at all stages 3D magnetic analysis for ends and yoke optimization 3D mechanical analysis for end pre- load optimization: 1 st time use of ANSYS birth-and-death capabilities to track epoxy crack propagation

8. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 8 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 TQC Mechanical Models Four mechanical models have been assembled and tested at FNAL in order to develop collaring procedure for Nb 3 Sn coils and check all fabrication steps Stress in different longitudinal sections of the model during keys insertion: Stresses are uniform within +/- 5 MPa during all process

9. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 9 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 TQs Status and Plans 1 st TQC “with collars”: –Coils are ready –Assembly planned to start in mid of May –Test planned in July 1 st TQS “with Al-shell”: –Tested at LBNL in April –Training started at 80% ssl –Reached G = 190 T/m –~87% ssl or even more, analysis is in progress TQS01 training history Numbers on top show coil where quench started

10. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 10 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 Plan for Length Scale-Up LENGTH SCALE-UP CHALLENGE: No Nb 3 Sn accelerator magnet longer than 1m has ever been built LARP should make a successful 4m long quadrupole by end of 09 FNAL Long Mirrors FNAL LARP Long Quadrupoles FNAL, LBNL, BNL LARP LQ Design Study LARP Long Racetracks BNL, LBNL, FNAL 2006 2007 2008 2009

11. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 11 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 LARP Long Racetrack The goals of the Long Racetrack (LR) are: to fabricate and test long Nb 3 Sn racetrack coils Performed at BNL to test an Al-shell-based supporting structure (preloaded using bladders and keys) Developed at LBNL FNAL contributions: L2 coordination of Supporting R&D (G. Ambrosio) FNAL scientists and engineers are part of LR working group Sub-task: technology transfer from the LR to the LQ involves FNAL engineers and technicians Coil layout: two flat double-layer racetrack coils Technology successfully developed at LBNL, successfully modified at FNAL, transfer to BNL in progress From 0.3 m to 3.6 m

12. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 12 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 FNAL Long Mirror FNAL “Mirror magnet” is a cos-theta dipole where a coil is substituted by iron blocks Plan: 2m – 4m mirror magnets Front view of mirror magnet The plan is to base the scale-up on a well understood design and fabrication technology FNAL successfully fabricated 3 dipoles and 1 mirror magnet ADVANTAGES - Larger probability of success of the LQ by: Several features complementary to LRs  Diversity & Risk mitigation - conductor, keystoned cable, insulation, coil shape, use of wedges, mechanical structure, Start as soon as possible development and qualification of tooling and infrastructure for long magnets at FNAL (New 6-m long oven, …)

13. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 13 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 Other parts of SC magnet R&D FNAL has a major role in Design Studies: –LARP L2 coordinator (Zlobin) –LARP Long Quadrupole DS task leader (Ambrosio) –several scientists involved in different designs (inside and outside LARP) … also in Material R&D: –Strand R&D task leader (Barzi) –Tests of strands and cables with different materials, in different conditions (pressure, field, temperatures) … also in Magnet testing: –LARP magnet integration coordinator (Feher) –Only LARP lab with 1.9K capability –Developed low-noise high-frequency spike detection system Tests of SQ02 (small quadrupole with racetrack coils) fabricated at LBNL

14. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 14 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 Budget and Resources Actual or budgeted Projected Present resources: 5 physicists 8 engineers 2 designers 9 technicians (~22 FTEs) + support. staff (~27 FTEs) Present Core Program budget ~$2.5-3M/year and present LARP Magnet R&D budget will allow reaching LARP goals and HFM long term goals The continuity of the core program allows for continued growth in expertise and infrastructure  we are able to respond quickly to the needs of the field

15. LARP Magnets - G. Ambrosio 15 DOE Annual Program Review, May 16-18, 2006 Conclusions The SC Magnet R&D program at FNAL is fully engaged in LARP goals and plan with a leading role in several major areas The core-program is supporting LARP offering risk mitigation and diversity The Long Quadrupoles (2009 deadline) and future prototypes to demonstrate the possibility of a high- luminosity LHC-IR upgrade will be built at Fermilab “We understand and feel our responsibility, we are doing all possible efforts to accomplish this mission!”