1. Chapter 1- Sec. 2 Cell Parts Life Science

2. A World of Cells  Cell- is the basic unit of structure in living things that carry out life processes. –Many cells are about 0.01 mm long  Look at your Hand… –One square centimeter of your skin’s surface contains more than 100,000 cells.

3. Cells are Diverse!!!  Cells come in different sizes and their shape can tell you something about its function.

4. 2 Types of Cells 1. Prokaryotic Cells- no internal organelles - Genetic Material is located in cytoplasm - Single-celled organisms 2. Eukaryotic Cells- contain organelles - Genetic Material is located in nucleus - some Unicellular and Multicellular organisms

5. What’s the Difference?  Open your textbooks to Page 20 and see the differences between a Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell.  Cells contain structures that carry out specific functions inside of the cell.

6. There are ONLY TWO types of Eukaryotic Cells that we will discuss in class!!!  See page 22  We will do multiple labs to see these parts

7.  Plants and Animals have EUKARYOTIC CELLS!!!  Lets look at the “parts” that make up eukaryotic cells…

8. Surrounding the Cell…  Cell Membrane- protective layer around cells that allows material to enter and exit the cell. –Allows food, oxygen/carbon dioxide into the cell and waste products out of the cell.

9. Around Plant Cells…  Cell Wall- tough outer covering that protects and supports PLANT cells only. –Made up of a strong material called Cellulose.

10. Inside the cell…  Cytoplasm- clear, gelatin-like substance that flows inside the cell membrane. Throughout the cytoplasm is a framework called…  Cytoskeleton- helps the cell maintain or change its shape

11. Inside of a Cell  What are Organelles???  Organelles- “scientific” word used to describe any part of a cell –Float throughout the cytoplasm –Each organelle or “part” of the cell has a specific function and job

12. Process Information  Nucleus- the control center of the cell –Contains the instructions & information a cell needs to function –These “instructions” are made of DNA or Chromatin Nucleus

13. Energy Providing Organelles  Mitochondria- “powerhouse” of the cell that releases energy from food. –Found in both plant & animal cells  Chloroplasts- green organelles only in plant cells that contain chlorophyll –Uses energy from sun to make sugar STOP HERE

14. Manufacturing Organelles  Ribosomes- grain-like bodies that make proteins for cell activities. –How you grow & repair  Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)- a series of smooth or rough membranes that transports or carries proteins or other materials from one part of the cell to another.

15. Manufacturing Organelles  Golgi Bodies- stacked, flattened membranes that sort and package proteins. –Packages cell material for transport into vesicles.

16. Storage & Recycling Organelle  Vacuoles- “storage” organelle that stores water, waste, food, and other materials. –Most plant cells have one large vacuole. –Animal cells have a few

17.  Lysosomes- “clean up crew” that contains chemicals to break down materials (food/wastes) in a cell. –Recycling Organelle –When a cell dies, it releases chemicals that digests or eats the cell

18. From Cell to Organism