1. Cell Division and Reproduction Chapter 10

2. Cell Division ✤C✤Cells die and are replaced billions of times per day. ✤O✤Organisms grow because cell division increases the total number of cells. ✤C✤Cell division is important to single celled organisms as well, it is how they reproduce.

3. Reproduction ✤R✤Reproduction is the process where an organism produces others of its same kind. ✤T✤There are two types of reproduction: ✤A✤Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

4. Asexual Reproduction ✤ This is a new organism that is produced from one organism. ✤ This new organism will have genetic material identical to the parent. ✤ How is this done?

5. Asexual Reproduction ✤T✤There are 3 types of asexual reproduction: ✤B✤Budding ✤R✤Regeneration ✤C✤Cellular Division

6. Budding and Regeneration ✤B✤Budding- The new organism grows from the body of the parent. ✤R✤Regeneration- These use cell division to reproduce body parts. They may also break into pieces to form new organisms.

7. Asexual Cell Division ✤S✤Some organisms can reproduce this way. ✤M✤Many plants use this type of reproduction. ✤S✤Sweet potato and strawberries.

8. Mitosis ✤M✤Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus of a cell divides to form 2 identical nuclei. ✤T✤There are 4 steps to mitosis. ✤P✤Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)

9. Steps of Mitosis PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE

10. Sexual Reproduction ✤T✤This is another way that organisms can reproduce. ✤I✤In this situation, there are 2 sex cells. Often called and egg (female) and sperm (male). ✤W✤When joining it is called fertilization, and the cell formed is called a zygote. ✤T✤The process of forming sex cells is done through meiosis.

11. Meiosis ✤M✤Meiosis produces sex cells. This ensures that offspring have the same number of chromosomes. ✤I✤In humans, each sex cell has 23 chromosomes. Each parent has 46 chromosomes. ✤S✤Sex cells are called haploid cells (half the genetic information)

12. ✤M✤Meiosis has two man parts: Meiosis I and Meiosis II. ✤M✤Meiosis I- Each cell duplicates just like in Mitosis. (DIPLOID CELLS) ✤M✤Meiosis II- The two cells formed during MI duplicate to form 4 sex cells. Each have half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. (HAPLOID CELLS)

13. Why is sexual reproduction important?