1. Thursday, October 2, 2014 Take Out: Today Writing utensil Notes
Homework: Worksheet – Suleyman
Coming Up – Quiz on Wednesday!
- Age of Exploration & Ottoman Empire info
Islam & Ottoman Empire

2. Islam & the Ottoman Empire

3. World Map

4. Vocabulary Islam – the religion Muslim – one who follows Islam
literally, means submission or peace
Monotheistic religion
Muslim – one who follows Islam
Allah – God
Arabic word
Qu’ran – Holy book
sometimes spelled in English as Koran – means recitation

5. Vocabulary Hadiths – the record of Mohammed’s sayings and deeds
Shariah – Islamic Law
Muslims must follow (but in reality only a small percentage of Muslims practice complete Shariah)
Caliph – successor
Pillar – belief
There are five pillars of Islam

6. What is Islam? Monotheistic religion (one god) Hundreds of years old
Islam is practiced by 1/5 of the world’s population

7. What is Islam? What do Muslims believe? Peace, mercy, forgiveness
One, Unique, Incomparable God
God’s complete authority over human destiny and in life after death
Prophet Muhammad and angel Gabriel

8. Who Was Muhammad? Born in 570 First supernatural visit in 575
Known for his truthfulness, generosity and sincerity
sought after to arbitrate disputes
Calm and meditative
Was content with his ordinary life, but that all changed one day…

9. Muhammad
Gabriel, an angel, began speaking to Muhammad in a cave at the Mountain of Light
Gabriel’s Revelation lasted for 23 years
This is known as the Quran

10. Muhammad
Muhammad began preaching in public to strangers in the streets in 613
Makkahn authorities saw this as a threat
Muhammad had to hide in his uncle’s castle

11. Muhammad
Muhammad escaped to Medina (“City of the Prophet”) to avoid persecution
Called the Hijra
Occurred in 622, which marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar
2014 = 1435–1436 AH

12. Muhammad Muhammad died in 632
Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s best friend, became the first caliph

13. Message of Islam Five pillars of Islam: Faith Prayer Fasting Charity
(month of Ramadan)
Charity
Pilgrimage
(Hajj – annual pilgrimage to Mecca)

14. Message of Islam Monotheism Allah (Arabic name for God) Qu’ran
People are responsible for their actions
Recognize no official priests

15. Ottoman Empire By 1300 a small Turkish state grew powerful
Became an immense empire stretching across three continents

16. Ottoman Empire First leader: Osman Westerners called him Othman
Called his followers Ottomans
Empire became known as Ottoman Empire

17. Ottoman Empire Second leader: Osman’s son Orkhan
Declared himself sultan – “one with power”
Expanded empire

18. Ottoman Empire
Kept expanding under Orkhan’s sons

19. Ottoman Empire 1512, Ottoman Empire includes Islam’s holy cities Mecca
Medina
Cairo (intellectual center of Muslim world)

20. Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire – peak size and grandeur under Suleyman the Lawgiver

21. Ottoman Empire - decline
After? Slow decline due to incompetent leaders

22. Essential Question
What is Islam? How did the Islamic Empire expand?

23. Expansion of the Islamic Empire