Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

The Inner Planets Chapter 27 - 3. Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Mostly solid rock with metallic cores Impact craters.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "The Inner Planets Chapter 27 - 3. Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Mostly solid rock with metallic cores Impact craters."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Inner Planets Chapter 27 - 3

2 Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Mostly solid rock with metallic cores Impact craters

3 Mercury

4 Revolution – 88 days Rotation – 59 days Day – 427°C due to no atmosphere and slow rotation Night - ¯173°C

5 Venus

6 Revolution – 225 days Rotation – 243 days Similar size, mass, and density to Earth Atmosphere about 96% carbon dioxide which causes runaway greenhouse effect Hottest planet with average temperature 464°C Sulfur dioxide droplets form cloud layer that reflects sunlight Called the evening star or morning star

7 Missions to Venus 1970s, Soviet Union sent 6 probes Showed basalt and granite rocks (similar to Earth) 1990s, US sent Magellan satellite to orbit which sent back info about atmosphere and surface

8 Venus’ Surface Features Mountains, volcanoes, lava plains, sand dunes Maat Mons – highest volcano Heat within the planet causes volcanoes to erupt Craters are same age, young

9 Earth Intense geologic history – tectonic plates, weathering, erosion Unique atmosphere and distance from sun allow water to be in liquid form Oceans absorb carbon dioxide

10 Mars

11 228 million km from sun Revolution – 687 days Rotation – 24 h 37 min Seasons like Earth’s seasons Geologic activity in the past Valles Marineris – canyons as long as the US is wide Olympus Mons – 24 km tall volcano (may have had a magma source for millions of years) Viking indicated marsquakes which may show activity

12 Water on Mars Pressure and temp too low for liquid 20°C in summer and ¯130°C in winters Water is in ice caps at poles Water may be found beneath the surface

13 The Outer Planets Section 27-4

14 The Gas Giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Separated from the terrestrial planets by an asteroid belt Large, made mostly of gas Less dense than terrestrial planets Strong gravity held onto original atmospheres (H and He at top layer) Probably core of rock and metals All have rings of dust and ice

15 Jupiter

16 300 x the mass of Earth Revolution – 12 years Rotation – 9 h 50 min (fastest) At least 60 moons

17 Jupiter’s Atmosphere 92% H and He (same as sun but not enough mass for nuclear fusion to begin) Rapid rotation causes different colored bands to form (organic molecules mixed with ammonia, methane and water vapor) Average temp ¯160°C

18 Jupiter’s Weather and Storms Great Red Spot – similar to hurricane, hundreds of years old Galileo measured wind speeds of 540km/h

19 Jupiter’s Interior Large mass causes temp and pressure to be great Inner layers are liquid Hydrogen which may contain electric currents giving Jupiter its magnetic field Rocky, iron core maybe

20 Saturn

21 Revolution – 29.5 years Rotation – 10 h 30 min Average temperature is ¯176°C Also made of mostly H and He At least 30 moons Titan is half the size of Earth Extensive ring system (particles from comets and other rocky bodies) Bulges at equator because of spinning and low density Cassini-Huygens launched in 1997 and landed in 2004 sent info about Saturn and Titan

22 Uranus

23 Revolution – 84 years Rotation – 17 h (horizontally) Information from Hubble Space Telescope and Voyager 2 Atmosphere of H and He Blue-green due to methane Average temp ¯214°C Solid rock and metal core maybe Maybe liquid water under clouds

24 Neptune

25 Revolution – 164 years Rotation – 16 h At least 8 moons Uranus’s orbital period was showing variations, so it was thought that another planet’s gravity was pulling on it. Atmosphere mainly made of H, He, methane Strongest winds Great Dark Spot (Earth-sized storm) Average temp is ¯225°C

26 Nonplanets Pluto – Frozen methane, rock, and ice – Average temp of ¯235°C – Charon is the only moon Kuiper belt Sedna Exoplanets – Planets that orbit stars other than the sun – Seen by their gravitational pull on the stars they orbit


Download ppt "The Inner Planets Chapter 27 - 3. Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Mostly solid rock with metallic cores Impact craters."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google