1. Jugendstil / Art Nouveau  Ca. 1895-1914  Parallel developments in Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Belgium, France, Austria (Secession)  Reaction against historicism of 19th century  Decidedly new style, focusing on ornamental, vegetative forms and influenced all arts

2. Jugendstil

3. Bauhaus  School of architecture, art, and crafts  Founded by Walter Gropius in 1919 in Weimar (1925 in Dessau)  Closed by the Nazis in 1933  Revived in Chicago in 1937 as New Bauhaus by Mies van der Rohe (Gropius in Boston)  Aimed to unify the arts, technology, and science

4. Bauhaus

5. Expressionism  Ca. 1900-1925 (in art, literature, and music)  Expression of spiritual self and of emotional events (contrary to impressionism)  Focus on strong colors and on form  Most important groups: Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter

6. Franz Marc

7. New Objectivity/Neue Sachlichkeit  Art movement in the 20s  Reaction against Expressionism  Focus on the realistic depiction of the world (verism)  Representatives in art: Otto Dix and George Grosz

8. Christian Schad

9. Dada  International art movement founded by Hugo Ball (and Richard Hülsenbeck, Hans Arp and Tristan Tzara) in 1916 in Zürich  Rejection of all conventional, bourgeois art and life  Focused on simultaneity in art: impression and expression of things observed and things felt without logic or cause, including the subconscious (pre-surrealist)

10. Raoul Hausmann