1. Towards a research agenda for open education Prof. Dr. Marco Kalz Chair for Open Educaton Faculty Management, Science and Technology & Welten Institute Open University of the Netherlands marco.kalz@ou.nl http://www.linkedin.com/in/mkalz http://twitter.com/mkalz http://www.marcokalz.de

2. Open Universiteit -18 000 students -3 faculties (Psychology & Educational Sciences, La w and Cultural Science, Management, Science and Technology) -60 Mio Budget -15 study centers -Welten Institute: Expertise Centre on Technology- Enhanced Learning (3 Mio Budget)

3. Always open: OUNL Open higher education for everybody Open in time Open in location (Partly) open in costs Open in educational offer Open source tradition Open research tradition

4. Some open initiatives OpenErOER 2006 OpenU Open Learning Environment 2009 Online Masterclasses Open Educational Practices 20112013 - 2015 Open Educational Innovations MOOCS on E-Learning, Blended Learning & Marine Litter

5. Research about MOOCs 166 scientific publications in 6 years TEL: 3500 publications in 10 years (Kalz & Specht, 2011)

6. Research about MOOCs Up to 2012: Focus on case studies, underlying educational theory or impact on higher education (Liyanagunawardena, Adams, & Williams, 2013) The learner perspective is underrepresented

7. A self-referential network Kalz (forthcoming)

8. An interdisciplinary research topic Veletsianos & Sheperdson, 2015

9. Rebooting MOOC research EngagementLearning Single MOOCs Post-hoc analysis Cross-context Design research

10. Research challenges of open education Achievement & Attrition SDL/SRL Instructional Quality Instructional Quality Scalability Innovation

11. Achievement & Attrition 160 000 enrolled 20 000 completed

12. Achievement & Attrition

14. Jordan, 2015

15. A […] more important limitation […] is the tendency to ignore the perspective of the individual […]Such definitions of dropout […] imply connotations of inferiority […] of the individual dropping out. Tinto & Cullen, 1973

16. Achievement & Attrition Kalz, Kreijns, Walhout, Castano-Munoz, Espasa & Tovar, 2015

17. What do the learners say?

18. by Terry Giliam Instructional quality MOOC

19. The mind is not a vessel to be filled but a fire to be kindled. Plutarch

20. Instructional quality Margaryan, Bianco & Littlejohn (2014) (n=76) No instructor feedback Limited amount of problem-centeredness Missing explicit learning goals or not measurable ones Low amount of application of knowledge

21. Instructional quality Koedinger et al. (2015) Comparing passive learning in a MOOC via video with active learning via interactive activities Active learning is six times more effective than watching more videos No selection effect in sample

22. Instructional quality by Jeremy Brooks @ FlickrFlickr

23. Scalability Which educational methods are scalable? Scalable DesignScalable technology Worked out examplesBots and virtual tutors Self-organised groupsMatchmaking (Question- Answering) Peer-AssessmentRecommender Systems Self-AssessmentPrediction-Algorithms

24. Scalability Quality Costs

25. Scalability Massive inflow into EU HEA expected in next 10 years How can we scale up the education system as a whole?

26. Self-directed (regulated) learning MOOCs are open, but …there are hidden filters and gates.

27. Self-directed (regulated) learning

28. Assess the task Evaluate Strength and Weaknesses Plan Apply strategies Monitor progress Reflect & Adjust Individual Learning Dispositions Ambrose et al., 2010 Self-directed (regulated) learning

29. Prior experiences with SRL and technology impact self-efficacy and motivation SRL in a technology-rich context requires step-wise introduction and support Lee, Tsai, Chai, & Koh (2015)

30. Self-directed (regulated) learning

31. Innovation

32. by Gareth Millner @ FlickrFlickr

33. Innovation Organisation MOOC Innovation Strategy Policy Incentives Context Staff Unexpected conditions Unintended consequences Design Implementation Platform Quality Accessibility Impact

34. Implementation of the research agenda

35. PhD SRL Skills PhD Scalability PhD Motivation PhD Organisational innovation Fundamental research line Accompagnying research line Implementation of the research agenda

37. Invitation

38. Thank you! marco.kalz@ou.nl @mkalz