1. Interlacing HUM 2051: Civilization I Fall 2009 Dr. Perdigao November 4-11, 2009

2. Patterns and Repetitions Prologue: The Rise of the Danes Heorot is Attacked The Hero Comes to Heorot Feast at Heorot The Fight with Grendel Celebration at Heorot Another Attack Beowulf Fights Grendel’s Mother Another Celebration at Heorot Beowulf Returns Home The Dragon Wakes Beowulf Attacks the Dragon Beowulf’s Funeral

3. Structured Meanings Prologue: The Rise of the Danes (40-51) Heorot is Attacked (87-98; 163-169)* The Hero Comes to Heorot (340-347; 440-455)* Feast at Heorot (499-605) The Fight with Grendel *(703-713; 809-835) Celebration at Heorot (865-871)* Another Attack (1349-1361)* Beowulf Fights Grendel’s Mother (1448-1472; 1517-1569; 1584-1588; 1605-1611; 16312-1650) Another Celebration at Heorot (1687-1708; 1723-1725; 1758-1768)* Beowulf Returns Home *(2069-2072; 2190-2199) The Dragon Wakes (2324-2336;2490-2509) Beowulf Attacks the Dragon (2510-2527; 2631-2668; 2712-2752; 2767-2777; 2809-2820) Beowulf’s Funeral *(3075-3120; 3113-3119; 3178-3182)

4. Symbolic Measures Scop Unferth Hrunting: “The iron blade with its ill-boding patterns / had been tempered in blood. It had never failed / the hand of anyone who hefted it in battle, / anyone who had fought and faced the worst / in the gap of danger” (1459- 1463). Second sword: “Meanwhile, the sword / began to wilt into gory icicles / to slather and thaw. It was a wonderful thing, / the way it all melted...” (1605-1608). Another depiction: “he examined the hilt, / that relic of old times. It was engraved all over / and showed how war first came into the world and the flood destroyed the tribe of giants. / They suffered a terrible severance from the Lord; the Almighty made the waters rise, / drowned them in the deluge for retribution, / In pure gold inlay on the sword-guards /there were rune-markings correctly incised / stating and recording for whom the sword / had been first made and ornamented / with its scrollworked hilt” (1687-1697).

5. Modernizing the Text “The role of woman in Beowulf primarily depends on ‘peace-making,’ either biologically through her marital ties with foreign kings as peace- pledge or mother of sons, or socially and psychologically as a cup-passing and peace-weaving queen within a hall” (Chance 156). “And even the mere itself, approached through winding passageways, slopes, and paths, and in whose stirred-up and bloody waters sea monsters lurk and the strange battle-hall remains hidden, almost projects the mystery and danger of female sexuality run rampant” (Chance 162).