1. Hyperatlas Coregistered Federated Imagery Roy Williams Bruce Berriman George Djorgovski John Good Reagan Moore Caltech CACR Caltech IPAC Caltech Astronomy Caltech IPAC San Diego Supercomputer Center

2. Image Federation

3. Multispectral Imagery Crab Nebula. 3 channels: radio in red. optical in green, and X-ray in blue. Moffet Field California. 224 channels from 400 nm to 2500 nm

4. 2MASS-SDSS fusion Red at 1.2 um (2MASS J), Green at 0.75 um (SDSS i), Blue at 0.47 um (SDSS g).

5. Image Federation detection Stacking allows detection of faint sources. A 1-sigma detection in each of many bands becomes a 3- sigma detection. Images of the same galaxy taken several days apart are automatically subtracted from one another, and remaining bright spots may be supernova candidates. (NEAT project) Image subtraction allows detection of narrow-line features that are not also wide-band (eg Hα but not R- band)

6. Multiwavelength Sky Sociology of EM spectrum “Xray astronomy”, “Radio astronomy” Essentially multiwavelength objects Can only be seen in different bands Quasars discovered by Radio/Optical fusion Gamma ray bursts in Gamma/optical

7. Time Federation Palomar-Quest survey 50 Gbyte/night to Caltech/Yale Searching for transients –asteroids, plutinos –catalysmic variables –lensing events (MACHO) –cataclysmic galaxies –quasar transients –Deep catalogs –Average sky –Maximum sky –Time correlated sky (deep periodics)

8. Atlasmaker: Principle Components SDSS (5 channel) SDSS+2MASS (8 channel)

9. Example NGC 4125 at 50 Mpc 2MASS (infrared) Sloan (optical) fusion

10. Images and Pages Image Big data Page Map: sphere → plane FITS-WCS header small data An atlas is a collection of pages Hyperatlas is an attempt to standardize atlases

11. Hyperatlas Standard naming for atlases and pages TM-5-SIN-20 Page 1589 Standard Scales: scale s means 2 20-s arcseconds per pixel SIN projection TAN projection TM-5 layout HV-4 layout Standard Projections Standard Layout

12. Hyperatlas is a Service All Pages: /getChart?atlas=TM-5-SIN-20 02.77777778E-4'RA---SIN’ 'DEC--SIN' 0.0 -90.0 12.77777778E-4'RA---SIN‘'DEC--SIN' 0.0 -85.0 22.77777778E-4'RA---SIN‘'DEC--SIN' 36.0 -85.0... 17312.77777778E-4'RA---SIN‘'DEC--SIN' 288.0 85.0 17322.77777778E-4'RA---SIN‘'DEC--SIN' 324.0 85.0 17332.77777778E-4'RA---SIN‘'DEC--SIN' 0.0 90.0 Best Page: /getChart?atlas=TM-5-SIN-20&RA=182&Dec=62 1604 2.77777778E-4 'RA---SIN‘ 'DEC--SIN' 184.6153860.0 Numbered Page: /getChart?atlas=TM-5-SIN-20&page=1604 1604 2.77777778E-4 'RA---SIN' 'DEC--SIN' 184.6153860.0 Implementations baseURL = http://mercury.cacr.caltech.edu:8080/hyperatlas baseURL = http://virtualsky.org/servlet

13. Various TM Atlases 20 degree 10 degree 5 degree

14. Various HV Atlases

15. Google Sky Renders all data to single CAR (Mercator) projection -- Good for Jpeg, not for FITS…..

18. Hyperatlas Services Questions: Who does resampling of images and why? What science is in images that is not in catalogs? Hyperatlas Services http:nvo.caltech.edu:8080/hyperatlas

19. Transparent Code int ndec = 1 + (int)(180/delta + 0.5); double ddec = 180.0/(ndec-1); int nra; double dra; for(int i=0; i<ndec; i++){ dec = -90 + i*ddec; // This prevents gaps in the rings near the pols if(dec<0) dech=dec+0.5*ddec; else dech=dec-0.5*ddec; nra = (int)((360/delta) * Math.cos(dech*Math.PI/180)) + 1; if(i==0 || i==ndec-1) nra=1; dra = 360.0/nra; for(int j=0; j<nra; j++){ v = new Vector3d(dra*j, dec); points.addElement(v); }

20. Projects 2MASS hyperatlas at SDSC complete SDSS DR5 starting Palomar-Quest also building HA Nesssi services make HA tiles