1. 版權所有 翻印必究 指導老師 : 林克默 博士 黃文勇 博士 學 生 : 郭怡彣 日 期 : 2011. 04. 25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 12011/4/25

2. 版權所有 翻印必究 Outline 1.Introduction 2.Experimental 3.Results and discussion 4.Conclusions 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 2

3. 版權所有 翻印必究 1.Introduction The steady growth of thick film technology has been due to the continual flow of new microelectronic circuit needs and the ability to develop materials to accommodate them. Amongst the various thick film conductors, silver has established as a high reliability option since it has enormous economic advantage compared to gold/platinum conductors. This paper reports the microstructural, physico-chemical and electrical properties of the fritted silver thick film electrode paste formulated using different powder processing conditions, which also included treatment with surfactants. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 3

4. 版權所有 翻印必究 2. Experimental Preparation of silver thick films For preparation of the pastes, the lead borosilicate glass frit and organic vehicle were mixed with different silver powders having ratio ranging from 76.8/3.2/20 to 72/8/20 of silver/glass frit/vehicle. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 4 Two types of silver pastes were formulated: (1) powder processed without any surfac- tants, batch O and (2) powder processed with surfactants, batch A, respectively.

5. 版權所有 翻印必究 2. Experimental Physico-chemical and electrical characterization of the sample silver films The thixotropic rheology of the silver paste gets improved in case of the samples (batch A) formulated with surfactant treated silver powders resulting into smooth, viscous nature and good surface tension of the paste which ultimately leads to a sharp edged film structure. On the other hand the thick film pastes of samples (batch O) have both less viscosity and surface tension that leads to spreading of the film after screen-printing. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 5

6. 版權所有 翻印必究 3.Results X-ray diffraction and EDAX analysis The (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0) and (3 1 1) planes are dominant. The observed ‘d’ values of silver are in good agreement with the standard ‘d’ values obtained from the ASTM diffraction data file. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 6

7. 版權所有 翻印必究 3.Results 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 7

8. 版權所有 翻印必究 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 8

9. 版權所有 翻印必究 SEM studies 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 9

10. 版權所有 翻印必究 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 10

11. 版權所有 翻印必究 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 11

12. 版權所有 翻印必究 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 12

13. 版權所有 翻印必究 From the table, it is observed that the bulk resistivity increases with an increase in glass percentage as expected. The peel strength of the samples also increases with an increase in the glass content. The samples containing 8 and 10% glass exhibit greater peel strength than those containing 4 and 6% glass. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 13

14. 版權所有 翻印必究 From this table, it is seen that the paste containing low glass contents shows high short circuit current (I sc ) as well as high current (I max ). The current decreases with increasing the glass content except for the sample SP406A. It can be concluded that the electrical performance of cell deteriorates with an increase in glass content in the paste. 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 14

15. 版權所有 翻印必究 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 15

16. 版權所有 翻印必究 4.Conclusions 銀沉澱法可以提供亞微米大小的銀顆粒，並 提供低成本，高產量，因為銀能減少反應時 間。 因為太陽能電池的性能方面被關注，故在太 陽能電池方面厚膜與少量玻璃量能產生最佳 效果。 2011/4/25 STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 16

17. 版權所有 翻印必究 Thank you for your attention STUT 太陽能材料與模組實驗室 172011/4/25