1. 1 Strengthening Design, Finance and Delivery of Water Supply and Sanitation Programmes under PRSPs Impacts of WSS services: Singida case study Kampala, February 2004

2. 2 Outline  Objective  Approach  Study area  Preliminary findings

3. 3 Approach  WSS linkages to livelihoods Beneficiaries’ assessment of outcomes of changes in nature of WSS services Objective  Government commitment and funding  Opportunity to influence interventions

4. 4 Area  Singida Town Council  Five peri-urban villages No interventions – 1 Wateraid interventions – 3 Past AusAID interventions - 1

5. 5 Findings 1. Expansion of human capital (time)

6. 6 Uhamaka Mwankoko A Kisasida Kisaki Mwamkoko B village 0.00 25 50 75 Duration (min) Uhamaka Mwankoko A Kisasida Kisaki Mwamkoko B village 400 600 800 1000 1200 Distance (m)

7. 7 1. Expansion of human capital (health)  Most important during rain season  Substantiated by health costs of common water and sanitation related illnesses eg. Diarrhoea and typhoid Range from Tsh 2500 to 8500

8. 8 1. I mproving reliability and yield - benefit user experience, time reduction & health 2. Distance & Time (duration) for M&E Conclusions

9. 9 Findings 2. Water as an input to livelihood activities 3. Managing changing water demand

10. 10  Construction  brewing,  gardening (extensive)  Construction  brewing  construction,  brewing,  salt extraction,  gardening (extensive)  construction,  brewing,  gardening (kitchen)

11. 11   Wherever possible integrate livelihood objective into WSS   Strengthening management systems Conclusions