2. 1 The Indonesian Digital Library Network is Born to Struggle with the Digital Divide Ismail Fahmi ismail@itb.ac.id Knowledge Management Research Group ITB ASIST Annual Conference 3-7 November 2001, Washington DC

3. 2 Acknowledgement Funding: IDRC, International Development Research Centre (Canada) YLTI, Yayasan Litbang Telekomunikasi dan Informatika (Indonesia) Support in-kind: Central Library ITB AI3/ITB, Asian Internet Interconnection Initiatives CNRG, Computer Network Research Group

4. 3 Agenda Where is Indonesia? Motivation Strategies Activities Results Future direction You can help developing countries !

5. 4 About Indonesia > 3000 islands ! BALI Bandung Jakarta

6. 5 Current Condition Few new books at libraries. Few journals subscription. So that, libraries unable to provide good information resources. Internet access ? Java island is information rich (enough) compared to other islands.

7. 6 Motivation By bridging people (from digital & space divide) and utilizing the LOCAL KNOWLEDGE, Indonesian people will able to improve their literacy.

8. 7 Problems Their knowledge is locked Digital and space divide Telecommunication infrastructure is very limited and expensive Computer literacy is low Inhabitants: 210 million

9. Mission Unlock ! Unlock ACCESS to the Indonesian knowledge

10. What we need? We need SOLUTION. Not state of the art of technology, but a Regional Technology. Able to run on narrow bandwidth and unreliable connections. Familiar User Interface. Attract individual and institution (knowledge producers) to share knowledge. Ease and cheap of implementation and integration.

11. Strategies (Society) Establish a community (IndonesiaDLN) of knowledge sharing Type of partner: Institution, Individual, and Internet Café. Promote sub-networks: I.e. health, agriculture, human rights, etc. Bottom-up approach License: GPL it !

12. Strategies (Technical) Networked: through a national networked digital library Distributed: every institutions can manage their own digital library system Unified: all knowledge will be unified Disseminated: all knowledge will be disseminated (mirrored), bring information near to the users. Standardized: using international acknowledged metadata standard (Dublin Core)

13. What we share? Information: abstract and full content of the LOCAL CONTENT. Including: Research report Final Project, Theses, Dissertation Article, paper, proceeding, journal E-book, e-learning material, course material Clipping, Heritage, Multimedia, expertise directory, etc. In the form of: document, audio, image, and video files.

14. 13 Activities Develop Software (technical): Ganesha Digital Library (GDL) Establish Community (society): The Indonesian Digital Library Network (IndonesiaDLN)

15. 14 Ganesha Digital Library Web-based application Client-server (GDL Network) Open-source/free software Edition: Personal Internet café Institution

16. Architecture of the Network Key: -Standard Metadata -Protocol There are a hub and many digital library servers.

17. IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Std. Objective: to manage electronic resources (documents, audio, video files) on the Internet among the digital library networks. Dublin Core Metadata Element Sets Simple, multipurpose Widely used IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Std was derived from NDLTD Metadata Std (also based on Dublin Core).

18. Example: Metadata in XML Metadata is formatted into XML before exchanged among the digital library servers. All digital library servers in IndonesiaDLN should use the IndonesiaDLN Interoperability Metadata Standard. Currently is version 1.1.

19. 18 Metadata storage Metadata is stored in database. XML is used only for synchronization.

20. Identifier Every metadata will be recognized from its IDENTIFIER. Identifier is unique within IndonesiaDLN. It contains the following information: Publisher ID Digital Library Network ID Type of the electronic resources Year of creation Creator Record number, and Content theme

21. Example of Identifier jbpeismail-gdl-res-2001-ismail-11-idrc Publisher ID Digital Library Network ID Type of the electronic resources Year of creation Creator Record number, and Content theme Benefit: Entering URL containing the identifier to any digital library servers will show the same metadata content. Example: http://digilib.xxx.xxx/go.php?id= jbpeismail-gdl-res-2001-ismail-11-idrc

22. 21 The Synchronization Protocol Items to be synchronized: Metadata Files (optional) Publisher information Membership information

23. The Synchronization Services (1/2) Using the services of: HTTP (operational) Real time transaction Good for reliable connection Post office :-) Burned into CD-ROM Takes days or weeks Good for no internet connection at all Protocol: Currently using IndonesiaDLN specific protocol, which is similar with the Open Archive Initiative (OAI) Protocol.

24. The Synchronization Services (2/2) Metadata are: - sent from LOCAL to HUB server and, - downloaded from HUB to LOCAL server, through the synchronization services. Optionally, the files also can be sent from LOCAL to HUB. There are 3 groups of requests: Authentication, PUT, and GET.

25. GDL-Network IndonesiaDLN HUB institusiwarnet personal Other DL Network Other GDL-HUB IndonesiaDLN

26. GDL-Network institusi warnet personal GDL-HUB ITBRSHSUnsyiahUMMBinusUAJIPBSalmanDepkes

27. Scenario of Sharing & Replication GDL-Network institusi warnet personal GDL-HUB ITB RSHS Unsyiah UMM Binus UAJ IPB Salman Depkes Share Replication

28. 27 How it looks like? Demo of Personal Digital Library Navigate the IndonesiaDLN collections locally! Click here

29. The Technology GDL 3.1, open-sources/free software Operating system: Unix/Linux Windows 98/NT/2000 Windows 95 – needs winsock32 Web server: Apache Scripting Language: PHP 4 Database Server: MySQL Infrastructure: Dedicated or Dial-Up

30. Implementation Status 1999 = Software development started Oct 2000 = Community development started June 2001 (it just 4 months ago) = IndonesiaDLN was launched

31. IndonesiaDLN Partners By Nov 2001

32. The Distribution Map of IndonesiaDLN Partners By Nov 2001 Aceh Irian Jaya

33. Members of IndonesiaDLN Member = users that have registered at GDL servers. Currently the total members registered at GDL Hub is about 3467 users.

34. Members of IndonesiaDLN (by partners) By November 2001

35. Members’ Country By Nov 2001

36. Members’ Job By August 2001

37. The Contents By Nov 2001

38. Future of IndonesiaDLN: The Network of Networks IndonesiaDLN GDL-Engine GDL- Network GDL-Engine Human Rights- Network GDL-Engine Agriculture Network GDL-Engine Heritage- Network GDL-Engine Biblio- Network GDL-Engine New Spektra Distance Learning- Network GDL-Engine

39. 38 OAI: The Networking Protocol IndonesiaDLN will adopt the OAI (Open Archives Initiatives) protocol / concept. Further integration with other international digital library network.

40. 39 Current activities: Develop the sub-networks: Indonesian Human Rights Information System Indonesian Agriculture Information Network (this will reach the farmers needs, not only the researchers) Indonesian Heritage Network Indonesian Bibliographic Network

41. 40 International Collaboration GDL has been successfully installed at an NGO in Pakistan (contact peace786pk@yahoo.com) Digital Library Network among Indonesia- Malaysia (Penang Library Network, USM) is being discussed.

42. 41 Example: The Agriculture Network Group of Farmers B Group of Farmers A Group of Researchers AgriHub Server IndonesiaDLN Hub Server Other Subnetworks in IndonesiaDLN Agriculture Information Network (subnetwork) ETD, Heritage, Health, Human Rights, etc OAI Access: Internet Café & Dial-up

43. Important URLs IndonesiaDLN web site; Mailing list; technical, scenario, society, announcement; standard, http://idln.itb.ac.id http://idln.itb.ac.id About GDL-Network, registration, join, software, patch, download, etc, http://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.org/faqgdl.php http://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.org/faqgdl.php Download GDL source code for free, http://gdl.itb.ac.id/download/ http://gdl.itb.ac.id/download/ GDL-HUB, http://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.orghttp://gdlhub.indonesiaDLN.org Digital Library ITB, http://digilib.itb.ac.idhttp://digilib.itb.ac.id Contact KMRG: kmrg@kmrg.lib.itb.ac.idkmrg@kmrg.lib.itb.ac.id

44. 43 You can help developing countries! Open access to your digital libraries for the 3 rd world. Use the OAI protocol and standard metadata (Dublin Core-based) Knowledge will be: Shared And exchanged

45. 44 Summaries GDL has proved its abilities to integrate digital library network in Indonesia. Able to run on dedicated, dial-up, and behind proxy internet connection. IndonesiaDLN is a bottom-up approach community that grows very fast. IndonesiaDLN will become a network of networks. Possible integration with other international digital library network (using Dublin Core metadata standard).

46. Thank you