1. Illnesses related to sports participation Kevin Browne
Unit 5 – Injury in Sport
Illnesses related to sports participation
Kevin Browne

2. Learning Objectives In relation to the assignment
P2 Describe two types and signs of illnesses related to sports participation
To gain an understanding of what common illnesses related to sport
To suggest ways that these can be prevented or controlled
Identify and provide a list of at least 5 illnesses that can affect sports participation
Describe and explain at least 2 illnesses and how they can affect sports participation

3. Illness What is a illness
Individually write down your own definition of what an illness is
Pair up
Feed back to the rest of the class.
Illness- is a state of poor health

4. Introduction
There are a range of different illnesses associated with participation in sport. For athletes, coaches and support staff it is important to be able to recognise them and understand how they can be prevented or controlled.
In pairs list as many illnesses as you can
Feedback to the class

5. Illnesses

6. Asthma
Asthma affects the respiratory system and is a condition where the air passages to the lungs narrow which can restrict normal breathing.
Causes
Asthma attacks normally occur when the lungs become irritated and an asthmatic reaction is triggered. Other triggers include:

7. Matching task Example Trigger Allergic conditions Allergies Cold air
Hayfever; training/competing outside when the pollen count is high
Smoking of cigarettes
Brought on by doing physical activity (EIA)
Running/cycling in smoggy built up areas
House dust, animal hair, feathers etc
Anxiety before an important event
Training outside in the winter
Allergic conditions
Allergies
Cold air
Smoke
Stress
Pollution
Exercise
Match the trigger to the example on the SMART board

8. Symptoms and Treatment
Difficulty in breathing
Coughing, wheezing
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Often panic.
Treatment
Inhalers are normally prescribed by doctors which can help prevent or control an attack occurring
Click on the link below to see how common asthma is in the UK.

9. Heart attack (cardiac arrest)
Individually write down what you think a Heart attack is.
Share with partner and write down a new definition in your book using both your answers
Share with the group

10. Heart attack
A number of professional athletes have suffered from Heart attacks whilst playing such as Marc vivian foe, fabrice Muamba
Using the task sheet answer the questions from the video
Students are to watch the small video clip and answer the pre –prepared questions using the task sheet provided
How long did Fabrice heart stop for?
What is a cardiac arrest?
 what is it caused by specifically in relation to blood flow?
 What kind of heart attacks affects athletic people?
 What happens to the heart muscle that stops blood flow and how does this affect the heart?

11. Pain and tightness across the chest, left shoulder and arm
A heart attack occurs when the blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart is restricted and part of the heart muscle becomes damaged or dies.
Causes
The coronary artery becomes blocked either by a clot or build up of fatty deposits inside the walls of the artery causing them to narrow. A total blockage will cause a heart attack, but if the blood flow remains partial, then it is known as angina.
Symptoms
Pain and tightness across the chest, left shoulder and arm
Breathlessness
Fainting
Pale skin
Rapid, weak or irregular pulse
Drop in blood pressure
Treatment
Immediate emergency medical attention

12. Viral infections What is a viral infection
Viral infections include common colds, coughs, sore throats and flu. Viruses (small infectious organisms) normally infect one part of the body, but can then spread, for example as a cold develops, it may spread to the chest or ear and become an infection
Causes
Viruses are highly contagious and can be transmitted from person to person by coughing, sneezing or physical contact.
Symptoms
Symptoms vary depending on the type of virus, but common signs include:
High temperature
Sore throat
Sweating or shivering
Aching muscles
Severe tiredness
Treatment
Drink plenty of water
Rest
Avoid strenuous exercise

13. Dehydration occurs when the body loses too much water and salt (sodium and potassium). This can commonly occur during exercise as the body naturally starts to lose fluids during exercise through sweat.
Dehydration
Dehydration occurs when the body loses too much water and salt (sodium and potassium). This can commonly occur during exercise as the body naturally starts to lose fluids during exercise through sweat.
Causes
Excessive sweating
Exercising in the heat
Too little fluid intake.
Symptoms
Dry mouth
Low urine output
Dark urine colour
Dry skin
Tiredness.
Treatment
Dehydration can be prevented by maintaining regular drinks before, during and after exercise.

14. How do you know if you are dehydrated

15. Dehydration and the Ironman Event (1997)

16. Hypothermia
What is normal body temperature
Hypothermia is a condition where the temperature of the body drops to below about 35oC.
Causes
Hypothermia can be caused by training or competing in extreme cold conditions for prolonged periods.
Symptoms
Shivering, Cold pale skin, Confusion, Low blood pressure, Low pulse
Disorientation.
Treatment
Ensure the athlete gets warm and dry to regain body heat. In severe cases, medical attention is required.

19. Lesson evaluation Write down three things that you have learnt today
What do you need to know more about for the next lesson
What will you do differently in the next lesson