1. Canada & WW 1,
War on the Home Front

2. Support for the War Effort
People on the home front were encouraged to make sacrifices to ensure victory in Europe
Victory Gardens
ate less meat, sugar, butter, bread so soldiers would have enough
Prairie students dismissed early to bring in harvests

3. Terror on the Home Front
Halifax Explosion Dec. 6, 1917
2000 people killed, thousands more injured and homeless
Mont Blanc (French munitions ship) collided with the Belgian ship Imo
Blast felt 320 km away
One of the worst disasters in Canadian history

4. Enemy Aliens
1914 – 500,000 German, Austrian & Hungarian people living in Canada
Government used War Measures Act to hold over enemy aliens in labour camps
Majority were Ukrainians
Berlin changed to Kitchener

5. The Changing Role of Gov’t
Hoarding by some business people led to profiteering
Government encouraged honour rationing (e.g. Meatless Mondays)
Victory Bonds needed to pay for cost of war ($1 million per day)

6. New Roles for Women Men at war  women worked in factories & on farms
Suffragists – voting rights for women
Wartime Elections Act – women who had male family in war could vote in 1917 election
Dominion Elections Act 1920 – all women could vote

7. Conscription
Conscription Crisis 1917 – men dying more than enlisting so shortage of soldiers  English support / French DO NOT support conscripting men
Military Service Bill – men yrs old had to join armed forces, but not pacifists
PM Borden won election of 1917  riots in Quebec

8. End of World War 1
November 11, 1918 Germany surrendered after no supplies left to fight
Canada  60,661 dead / 173,000 wounded out of 8 million
Peace Treaty of Versailles – unfairly blames Germany for the war  must pay for damages  League of Nations useless
Canada more independent of Britain